First Report of <i>Pectobacterium polaris</i> Causing Aerial Stem Rot of Potato in China

Wang, Jinhui; Han, Wen Hua; Zheng, Lianwen; Cheng, Jianing; Pan, Yang; Zhao, Dongmei; Zhang, Dai; Li, Qian; Yang, Zhihui; Zhu, Jun‐Jie

doi:10.1094/pdis-06-21-1269-pdn

Cited by 16 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…The genomes of P. polonicum DPMP315 T and BY21311 harbor gene clusters encoding a T3SS also found in the genome of P. punjabense (Figure 5); however, isolate BY21311 failed to elicit HR in tobacco, suggesting its T3SS might not function. All previously reported P. parvum isolates were associated only with aerial stem rot in potato plants (Pasanen et al, 2013;Pasanen et al, 2020;Wang et al, 2022a). The low virulence on tubers and association with stem rot suggests potential convergent evolution in P. parvum and P. polonicum that may have developed tissue specificity.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

“…Blackleg and aerial stem rot of potatoes caused by SRP have become more frequent in China in recent years (Zhao et al, 2018;Cao et al, 2021;Han et al, 2022;Handique et al, 2022a;Wang et al, 2022a;Handique et al, 2022b). Potato stem rot caused by P. versatile (Han et al, 2022) and P. parvum (Wang et al, 2022a) was reported in the Fengning region in the summer of 2020; therefore, seven Pectobacterium species have been identified in potato plants in Hebei Province to date.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In recent years, other Pectobacterium species, including P. brasiliense (Zhao et al, 2018;Jiang et al, 2019), P. parmentieri (Cao et al, 2021), P. versatile (Han et al, 2022), P. polaris (Handique et al, 2022a) and P. punjabense (Handique et al, 2022b), have also been reported in the primary potato growing areas in China. Two citrate negative isolates of P. polaris were reported to cause aerial stem rot in Hebei Province, and subsequent genome-based analysis confirmed that they belonged to the newly established species, P. parvum (Wang et al, 2022a;Wang et al, 2022b).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 92%

“…A virulence assay was performed as described to evaluate the maceration ability of isolate BY21311 on potato tubers, virulence assay was performed as described (Nykyri et al, 2013;Pasanen et al, 2020). Isolate BY21311 was compared with isolates of P. atrosepticum (the strain isolated by our lab in 2020 was used as a positive reference), P. versatile (Han et al, 2022), P. brasiliense and P. parvum (Wang et al, 2022a) which were tested in 2020. Potato tubers (cv.…”

Section: Artificial Inoculation Of Potato Stems and Tubersmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The incidence of blackleg and aerial stem rot of potatoes has increased over recent years in northern China, and SRP has caused significant yield loss in highly susceptible cultivars, including Xisen 6, Huangxin 226, Helan 15 (also known as Favorita), and others (Zhao et al, 2018;Cao et al, 2021;Han et al, 2022;Handique et al, 2022a;Wang et al, 2022a;Handique et al, 2022b). In 2021, potato blackleg and aerial stem rot were reported in the three primary production areas in Hebei Province.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Identification and characterization of opportunistic pathogen Pectobacterium polonicum causing potato blackleg in China

Han

Wang²,

Pirhonen³

et al. 2023

Front. Plant Sci.

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Blackleg and aerial stem rot of potato (Solanum tuberosum L.), caused by soft rot enterobacteria of the genera Pectobacterium and Dickeya, has recently increased years in Hebei Province, China. Field surveys were performed during the 2021 potato growing season in Hebei to identify and characterize bacterial pathogens. Sixteen potato plants showing blackleg or aerial stem rot were collected from three potato-producing areas, and ten representative pectinolytic bacteria were isolated from symptomatic plants. 16S rDNA sequencing and multilocus sequence analysis were performed to determine the taxonomic position of the bacterial isolates. The isolates belonged to the genus Pectobacterium, including Pectobacterium atrosepticum, Pectobacterium carotovorum, Pectobacterium brasiliense, and Pectobacterium parmentieri. The exceptions were isolates BY21311 and BY21312, which belonged to a new species of Pectobacterium polonicum previously found in groundwater. The taxonomy of isolate BY21311 was confirmed using whole genome-based analysis. P. polonicum has only been identified in potato plants on one farm in Baoding region in China. Isolates BY21311 and BY21312 displayed similar physiological and biochemical traits to the type strain DPMP315T. Artificial inoculation assays revealed that isolate BY21311 fulfilled Koch’s postulates for potato blackleg. These findings represent the first time P. polonicum, a water-associated Pectobacterium species may be the cause of blackleg in the field. Interestingly, P. polonicum BY21311 has reduced ability to macerate potato tubers when compared to P. atrosepticum, P. brasiliense, P. versatile, and P. parvum, which is more virulent in tubers than the type strain DPMP315T. The host range of isolate BY21311 was determined by injection method, which can impregnate five plants. Although the genome of isolate BY21311 harbors gene clusters encoding a type III secretion system, it did not elicit a hypersensitive response (HR) in Nicotiana benthamiana or N. tabacum leaves. T3SS effector AvrE and T4SS effector PilN were obtained by predicting isolate BY21311 genome. P. polonicum appears to show significant variations in gene content between two genomes, and gene content varies between isolates BY21311 and DPMP315T, with strain specific-genes involved in many aspects, including lipopolysaccharide biosynthesis, substrate translocation, T4SS and T6SS among others, suggesting that isolates BY21311 and DPMP315T might represent distinct clades within the species.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 92%

Section: Artificial Inoculation Of Potato Stems and Tubersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Identification and characterization of opportunistic pathogen Pectobacterium polonicum causing potato blackleg in China

Han

Wang²,

Pirhonen³

et al. 2023

Front. Plant Sci.

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Pectobacterium spp. isolated from rotting carrots obtained from markets in Gampaha district, Sri Lanka exhibit the potential of having broad host ranges

Naligama

Halmillawewa

2022

Eur J Plant Pathol

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Isolation and characterization of lytic bacteriophages infecting Pectobacterium atrosepticum

Wu,

Liu,

Liu

et al. 2024

Eur J Plant Pathol

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Pectobacterium spp. cause blackleg and soft rot on potato worldwide. Potato is a staple crop in China, and blackleg and soft rot diseases caused by Pectobacterium spp. have increased signi cantly as potato cultivation expanded rapidly in the last decade. This study was conducted to isolate and characterize the lytic bacteriophages infecting the major pathogen causing potato blackleg and soft rot, Pectobacterium atrosepticum (P. a.), in water and soil samples collected in the cities Wuhan and Datong in China. Three lytic bacteriophages were obtained and named Pectobacterium Phages ZRIMU1, 2, and 7. Transmission electron microscopic analysis revealed that all three phages were similar in size, with a smooth head (diameter ca. 40-50 nm) and without a neck or tail. The adsorption of phages PP1, PP2, and PP7 to P. a. after 18, 27, and 18 min was 98, 99 and 98%, respectively. The latent periods for PP1, PP2, and PP7 were 20, 40, and 50 min, respectively. In vitro bacterial challenge assays showed that these three phages were able to infect P. a. 1 h after coinoculation. The potential of these bacteriophages to protect potato seedlings was tested. After 27 days of inoculation, seedlings inoculated with water and sprayed with or without phages developed well, and no symptoms developed. Seedlings inoculated with P. a. only had a signi cantly lower survival rate than the controls, and seedlings coinoculated with P. a. and phages signi cantly improved the survival rate by 40%. Recovery of symptomatic plants was observed in groups that were treated with either a single phage or a mixture of phages. More investigations are needed to clarify the mechanism by which phages can be used to cure symptomatic potato plants.

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First Report of Pectobacterium polaris Causing Aerial Stem Rot of Potato in China

Cited by 16 publications

References 7 publications

Identification and characterization of opportunistic pathogen Pectobacterium polonicum causing potato blackleg in China

Identification and characterization of opportunistic pathogen Pectobacterium polonicum causing potato blackleg in China

Pectobacterium spp. isolated from rotting carrots obtained from markets in Gampaha district, Sri Lanka exhibit the potential of having broad host ranges

Isolation and characterization of lytic bacteriophages infecting Pectobacterium atrosepticum

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