First Report of Raspberry bushy dwarf virus on Red Raspberry and Grapevine in Slovenia

Abstract

In 2002, severe vein yellowing and partial or complete yellowing of leaves was observed on some shoots of red raspberry (Rubus idaeus) cvs. Golden Bliss and Autumn Bliss. Sap of infected plants of cv. Golden Bliss was inoculated onto Chenopodium quinoa and Nicotiana benthamiana. Faint chlorotic spots were observed on inoculated leaves of C. quinoa approximately 14 days after inoculation but no systemic symptoms appeared. No symptoms were observed on N. benthamiana. Raspberry bushy dwarf virus (RBDV) was detected in the original raspberry plant using double-antibody sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (DAS-ELISA) with polyclonal antiserum (Loewe Biochemica, Sauerlach, Germany). Systemic infections of inoculated C. quinoa and N. benthaminana were confirmed using DAS-ELISA. In 2001 and 2002, unusual virus symptoms were observed on grapevine grafts (Vitis vinifera) of cv. Laški Rizling. Symptoms appeared as curved line patterns and yellowing of the leaves. No nepoviruses were found in symptomatic plants, but RBDV was confirmed using DAS-ELISA. RBDV infection was later confirmed in grapevine cv. Štajerska Belina with similar symptoms. RBDV was transmitted mechanically from grapevine to C. quinoa where it was detected by immunocapture-reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (IC-RT-PCR). IC-RT-PCR was used to amplify a part of the coat protein gene of the virus from raspberry and grapevine, and the amplification products were sequenced (1). The obtained sequence shared at least 93% nucleotide sequence identity with other known RBDV sequences, which confirmed the serological results. To our knowledge, this is the first report of the natural occurrence of RBDV in grapevine and also of RBDV infection of red raspberry in Slovenia. Reference: (1) H. I. Kokko et al. Biotechniques 20:842, 1996.

Biological, serological and molecular characterisation of Raspberry bushy dwarf virus from grapevine and its detection in the nematode Longidorus juvenilis

“…RBDV was found for the first time infecting grapevine, the only known non-Rubus natural host, in 2003 in Slovenia (Mavrič et al 2003). It was identified in grapevine grafts of cv.…”

“…In 2003, we reported the infection of grapevines with RBDV in Slovenia, which was the first report of this virus naturally infecting a host outside the genus Rubus (Mavrič et al 2003). The virus was detected in symptomatic plants by DAS-ELISA and IC RT-PCR, and part of the CP was sequenced.…”

Raspberry bushy dwarf virus: A grapevine pathogen in Serbia

“…For grapevine, they represent scientific curiosity, because they are rarely found or cause no damage. The occurrence of RBDV on grapevine is curiosity and it was found for the first time in Slovenia (Mavrič et al, 2003). RBDV isolates are widespread in many grapevine varieties in Slovenian vineyards, but its epidemiology and economic importance are not documented.…”

“…In 2003, RBDV was reported for the first time to naturally infect grapevine (Vitis vinifera), a host outside the genus Rubus (Mavrič et al, 2003). Further investigations confirmed that RBDV is widespread in Slovenia in numerous, mostly white grapevine varieties (Mavrič Pleško et al, 2009).…”

Genome activation by raspberry bushy dwarf virus coat protein

“…In addition, when in combination with several other viruses, RBDV can cause stunting of plant growth and vivid 'yellowing' of the leaves (Jones et al, 1996). More recently, RBDV was shown to cause natural infection of grapevine (Mavrič et al, 2003). Yield effects of RBDV in this plant are not yet known, but the virus may be an economically significant pathogen also of this widely grown, high-value crop.…”