First report of Kytococcus schroeteri prosthetic valve endocarditis in Oman

Kytococcus Schroeteri Prosthetic Valve Endocarditis Complicated by Aortic Pseudoaneurysm: A Rare Complication from A Rare Agent

“…Despite that, gram-positive cocci that are arranged in tetrads and that are oxacillin resistant and arginine dihydrolase positive should be recognized as potential Kytococcus species (Mnif et al, 2006;Le Brun et al, 2005) A 2019's review of K. schroeteri IE reported cases, showed that all of them were prosthetic valve endocarditis, with very different periods between the valve implantation and the diagnosis of the PVE (minimum 8 months, maximum 10 years). In 9 cases, 7 involved an aortic valve and 2 involved a mitral valve (Al Tamtami et al, 2019). K. schroeteri has also been associated with other site infections (pneumonia, septic arthritis and osteomyelitis), but only in immunocompromised patients, in contrast with the cases of PVE (Chan et al, 2012;Amaraneni et al, 2015;Hodiamont et al, 2010;Ha et al, 2015).…”

“…Kytococcus schroeteri is a gram-positive coccus (Fernández et al, 2021), a skin commensal bacteria first distinguished from Micrococcus in 1995. Eight years later it was associated with cases of infective endocarditis (IE), with very few cases reported so far (Al Tamtami et al, 2019). These agent's colonies show spherical cells, displayed in pairs, in tetrads or, occasionally, in clusters (Mnif et al, 2006).…”

“…are often penicillin and oxacillin resistant and have arginine dihydrolase activity. It's also resistant to cephalosporins, quinolones and macrolides (Fernández et al, 2021;Al Tamtami et al, 2019). Its detection is not possible with the usual microbiologic cultural exams as the blood cultures, needing molecular methods, the main one 16s rRNA sequencing.…”