First report of Lividin and Spinulosain peptides from the skin secretion of an Indian frog

Abstract

Here, we report two novel peptides identified from the skin secretion, having homologies to Lividin and Spinulosain, of an endemic frog, Hydrophylax bahuvistara, of Western Ghats. This is the first report of these peptides from Indian frogs and first identification of Lividin from the Hydrophylax genus. Both peptides exhibited weak antimicrobial activity but very low haemolytic activity. The problems of naming amphibian host defense peptides (HDPs) are also discussed.Keywords: Lividin -Spinulosain -Hylarana -nomenclature -antimicrobial Development of Host Defense peptide (HDP) libraries from the skin secretion of amphibians is currently gaining momentum not only because of their characteristic feature to disrupt biological membranes [6] but also their proposed therapeutic potentials. HDPs are a cocktail of compounds, especially peptides, having broad spectrum biological activities which act as a first line of defense and secreted upon stress or injury [2]. In this study, two novel peptides having homologies to Lividin and Spinulosain were identified from the skin secretion of Hydrophylax bahuvistara, an endemic frog species of Western Ghats, India. Skin secretion harvesting and primary structure elucidation of the peptides were done as per standard procedures [1]. The peptide sequence obtained was subjected to homology searches using BLAST (NCBI) and their physicochemical properties were computed (http://expasy.org/tools/ protparam.html). Helical wheel of the peptides were plotted (Don Armstrong and Raphael Zidovetzki. Version: Id: wheel. pl, v 1.4 2009-10-20 21:23:36 don ExpIdentified ) followed by chemical synthesis of peptides. Minimal inhibitory concentrations (MICs) were determined [5] against some bacterial strains (Table 1B) and were further confirmed by resazurin microtiter assay (REMA). Hemolytic activities of these peptides on human red blood cells were also assessed [5].Two different cDNA sequences, have been described one encoding Lividin 8 with 95% identity to Lividin EV1 reported from Odorrana exiliversabilis (GenBank acc.

An Amphibian Host Defense Peptide Is Virucidal for Human H1 Hemagglutinin-Bearing Influenza Viruses

“…A Peptide from Hydrophylax bahuvistara Exhibits Anti-A/ PR/8/1934 Influenza Virus Activity In Vitro Cohorts of the Indian frog Hydrophylax bahuvistara, a species currently being studied for antimicrobial peptides (Vineeth Kumar et al, 2016), were captured and skin secretions were collected after mild electrical stimulation. Animals were subsequently returned to their natural habitat, unharmed.…”

Smallest lectin-like peptide identified from the skin secretion of an endemic frog, Hydrophylax bahuvistara

“…There is a dibasic cleavage site (K43-R44) between the acidic spacer and mature peptide, which is believed to be cleaved by trypsin-like proteases. The peptide shares a similar signal peptide homology with the antimicrobial peptide lividin8 HYba isolated from H. bahuvistara [6]. This is the smallest peptide reported till date from the odorranalectin family, and we named it as odorranalectin HYba according to the nomenclature system for amphibian peptides [5] and submitted to GenBank (Acc.…”