First Report of Peripheral Nerves in Bone from <i>Triceratops horridus</i> Occipital Condyle

Armitage, Mark H.

doi:10.1017/s1551929521000468

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Cited by 5 publications

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Astonishing Soft Tissue Permanence in Surface Collected Triceratops Horn Shards from Hell Creek MT, USA

Cruz,

Armitage

2024

Microscopy and Microanalysis

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Astonishing Soft Tissue Permanence in Surface Collected Triceratops Horn Shards from Hell Creek MT, USA

Cruz,

Armitage

2024

Microscopy and Microanalysis

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First Report of Peripheral Nerves in Post-Cranial Elements ofCacopsWilliston, 1910, (Temnospondyli: Dissorophidae) from the Lower Permian Richards Spur, Oklahoma

Armitage¹

2023

Microscopy Today

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Permian bone beds that extend across several states in the US have been known for over 200 years. Those beds have yielded the richest assemblage of the world’s oldest amphibian tetrapod bones in the world. Cacops sp., a well-known amphibian tetrapod from these deposits, has been widely studied, however, no bone histology or bone decalcification has been conducted on these important animals. We report here on the results of decalcification of post-cranial limb elements of Cacops sp., donated by the Sam Nobel Oklahoma Museum of Natural History. Our results include the presence of nerve fibers that display the diagnostic crosshatch pattern known to enclose nerve fascicles and axons, and lipid droplets that exude under cover slip pressure.

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Light and Electron Microscopy Study of Opportunistic Free-Living Nematodes Scavenging and Thriving within Buried Dinosaur Bones

Armitage

2024

Microscopy Today

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Nematode worms are the most abundant multicellular organism on Earth. They thrive in every habitat known, and they are voracious feeders within the top 70 cm of soils. Their sturdy cuticle protects them from environmental factors and predators. Nematodes play a significant role in the decomposition of vertebrate remains in soil and serve as indicators of nutrients that enter soils during decomposition. Certain parasitic nematodes have been identified in fossil remains, but reports of fossil worms are rare. We demonstrate the abundant presence of opportunistic nematodes feeding within dinosaur bones from the Hell Creek formation, MT. The presence of visible worm ultrastructure indicates that they were alive when preserved within the dinosaur bones. Our findings are identical to worms characterized as “blood parasites” in a dinosaur bone from Brazil, demonstrating that there is sufficient soft tissue within dinosaur bone canals to sustain large populations of nematodes post-mortem.

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First Report of Peripheral Nerves in Bone from Triceratops horridus Occipital Condyle

Cited by 5 publications

References 29 publications

Astonishing Soft Tissue Permanence in Surface Collected Triceratops Horn Shards from Hell Creek MT, USA

Astonishing Soft Tissue Permanence in Surface Collected Triceratops Horn Shards from Hell Creek MT, USA

First Report of Peripheral Nerves in Post-Cranial Elements ofCacopsWilliston, 1910, (Temnospondyli: Dissorophidae) from the Lower Permian Richards Spur, Oklahoma

Light and Electron Microscopy Study of Opportunistic Free-Living Nematodes Scavenging and Thriving within Buried Dinosaur Bones

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