First Report of Phytophthora Fruit Rot on Bitter Gourd (Mormodica charantia) and Sponge Gourd (Luffa cylindrica) Caused by Phytophthora capsici

Downy blight, caused by Peronophythora litchii, is a destructive disease that impacts lychee fruit throughout the pre-harvest, post-harvest, and transportation phases. Therefore, the prompt and precise identification of P. litchii is crucial for the effective management of the disease. A novel gene encoding a Rh-type ammonium transporter, Pl_101565, was identified in P. litchii through bioinformatic analysis in this study. Based on this gene, a coupled recombinase polymerase amplification–lateral flow (RPA-LF) assay for the rapid visual detection of P. litchii was developed. The assay has been shown to detect P. litchii accurately, without cross-reactivity to related pathogenic oomycetes or fungi. Moreover, it can be performed effectively within 15 to 25 min at temperatures ranging from 28 to 46 °C. Under optimized conditions, the RPA-LF assay could detect as low as 1 pg of P. litchii genomic DNA in a 25 μL reaction system. Furthermore, the RPA-LF assay successfully detected P. litchii in infected lychee samples within a 30 min timeframe. These attributes establish the RPA-LF assay as a rapid, sensitive, and specific method for diagnosing P. litchii early; it is particularly suitable for applications in resource-limited settings.

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rapid Visual Detection of Peronophythora litchii on Lychees Using Recombinase Polymerase Amplification Combined with Lateral Flow Assay Based on the Unique Target Gene Pl_101565

Wang,

Li,

Shi

et al. 2024

“…In addition, several genetic markers are available for P. boehmeriae including Cox 2, Nad 9, Rps 10, and Sec Y. Similarly, signature sequences for P. capsici was found at Cox 1, Cox 2, Nad 1 and Nad 5 genes [32,37]. Indeed, Kulik et al recently introduced detailed mitochondrial gene markers for detecting various plant pathogenic fungi and oomycetes, such as Cox 2 for Fusarium culmorum, Cox 1 and Cox 2 for P. ramorum, Cob for Fusarium graminearum s.s., atp9 for Phytophthora species [77].…”

Section: Mitochondrial Genes-conventional Pcrmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The main site of infections are fine and fibrous roots causing root rot, as well as stems, causing stem cankers [57,58]. Phytophthora capsici is an important plant pathogen that causes blight and fruit rot of peppers and other important commercial crops, including cantaloupe, cucumber, watermelon, bell pepper, tomato, snap beans, lima beans, and the fiber crop sponge gourd [37]. In severe cases, the disease can cause 100% crop loss [59].…”

Section: Oomycete Pathogens Of Fiber Cropsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular Diagnostics and Detection of Oomycetes on Fiber Crops

Wang

Gao

Cheng

et al. 2020

Fiber crops are an important group of economic plants. Traditionally cultivated for fiber, fiber crops have also become sources of other materials such as food, animal feed, cosmetics and medicine. Asia and America are the two main production areas of fiber crops in the world. However, oomycete diseases have become an important factor limiting their yield and quality, causing devastating consequences for the production of fiber crops in many regions. To effectively control oomycete pathogens and reduce their negative impacts on these crops, it is very important to have fast and accurate detection systems, especially in the early stages of infection. With the rapid development of molecular biology, the diagnosis of plant pathogens has progressed from relying on traditional morphological features to the increasing use of molecular methods. The objective of this paper was to review the current status of research on molecular diagnosis of oomycete pathogens on fiber crops. Our search of PubMed identified nearly 30 species or subspecies of oomycetes on fiber crops, among which the top three species were Phytophthora boehmeriae, Phytophthora nicotianae and Pythium ultimum. The gene regions that have been used for molecular identifications of these pathogens include the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) regions of the nuclear ribosomal RNA gene cluster, and genes coding for translation elongation factor 1α (EF-1α) and mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunits I and II (Cox 1, Cox 2), etc. We summarize the molecular assays that have been used to identify these pathogens and discuss potential areas of future development for fast, specific, and accurate diagnosis of oomycetes on fiber crops.

“…sp. luffa [8], stem rot caused by Sclerotium rolfsii [9], phytophthora fruit rot caused by Phytophthora capsica [10], and fruit rot caused by Stagonosporopsis cucurbitacearum [11]. In addition, anthracnose is a common disease in Cucurbitaceae crops [12].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification and Characterization of Colletotrichum fructicola and Colletotrichum siamense Causing Anthracnose on Luffa Sponge Gourd in China

Zhu

et al. 2022

Luffa sponge gourd (Luffa cylindrica) is an important cucurbitaceous vegetable and is known as the source of loofah. From 2020 to 2021, a leaf disease occurred on luffa leaves in the Hunan Province of China. Symptoms were displayed as oval to irregular chlorotic lesions surrounded by yellow halos. The pathogens were isolated from the affected leaves. According to morphological characterization and molecular identification using multi-locus phylogenetic analysis of the internal transcribed spacer (ITS), actin (ACT), chitin synthase (CHS-1), glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH), β-tubulin (TUB2), and partial mating type (Mat1-2) gene (ApMAT) regions, the pathogens were identified as two Colletotrichum species: Colletotrichum fructicola and C. siamense. Koch’s postulates were identified by a pathogenicity test and re-confirmation. To the best of our knowledge, C. fructicola and C. siamense are two new species associated with luffa sponge gourd anthracnose.