First report of pre-harvest amla fruit rots disease caused by Pestalotiopsis sp. in Bangladesh

Sultana, Aireen; Sikder, Md. Maniruzzaman; Ahmmed, Md Sabbir; Sultana, Sanjida; Alam, Nuhu

doi:10.3329/jujbs.v10i1-2.60850

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

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“…However, it affects mainly the leaves, causing leaf spot (De Jesus et al., 2022 ; Herliyana et al., 2022 ; Shen et al., 2014 ; Yuan et al., 2022 ) and leaf blight (Bhuiyan et al., 2022 ; Herliyana et al., 2022 ; Jeon et al., 2007 ; Jeon & Cheon, 2014 ; Ngobisa et al., 2018 ; Wu et al., 2009 ; Xiao et al., 2016 ; Zhong Jiu et al., 2010 ). It can affect roots, causing root rot (Lu et al., 2016 ), but also fruits, causing fruit spots (Chuanqing et al., 2010 ; Shi et al., 2015 ), scabby fruit canker (Keith et al., 2006 ) and pre‐ (Sultana et al., 2021 ) and post‐harvest fruit rot (Chen, Chen, et al., 2016 ; Li et al., 2016 ), and to a lesser extent twigs, causing twig blight (Ren et al., 2021 ). Nevertheless, disease symptoms caused by P. microspora are similar to those caused by other Pestalotiopsis species or other fungal genera, which makes the detection of P. microspora based merely on symptoms unlikely.…”

Section: Pest Categorisationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pest categorisation of Pestalotiopsis microspora

Bragard,

Baptista,

Chatzivassiliou

et al. 2023

EFS2

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Following an EFSA commodity risk assessment of bonsai plants (Pinus parviflora grafted on Pinus thunbergii) imported from China, the EFSA Plant Health Panel performed a pest categorisation of Pestalotiopsis microspora, a clearly defined plant pathogenic fungus of the family Pestalotiopsidaceae. The pathogen was reported on a wide range of monocotyledonous, dicotyledonous and gymnosperms, either cultivated or wild plant species, causing various symptoms such as leaf spot, leaf blight, scabby canker, fruit spot, pre-and post-harvest fruit rot and root rot. In addition, the fungus was reported as an endophyte on a wide range of asymptomatic plant species. This pest categorisation focuses on the hosts that are relevant for the EU and for which there is robust evidence that the pathogen was formally identified by a combination of morphology, pathogenicity and multilocus sequencing analyses. Pestalotiopsis microspora was reported in Africa, North, Central and South America, Asia and Oceania. In the EU, it was reported in the Netherlands. There is a key uncertainty on the geographical distribution of P. microspora worldwide and in the EU, because of the endophytic nature of the fungus, the lack of surveys, and because in the past, when molecular tools were not fully developed, the pathogen might have been misidentified as other Pestalotiopsis species or other members of the Pestalodiopsidaceae family based on morphology and pathogenicity tests. Pestalotiopsis microspora is not included in Commission Implementing Regulation (EU) 2019/2072. Plants for planting, fresh fruits, bark and wood of host plants as well as soil and other growing media associated with plant debris are the main pathways for the entry of the pathogen into the EU. Host availability and climate suitability in parts of the EU are favourable for the establishment and spread of the pathogen. The introduction and spread of the pathogen into the EU are expected to have an economic and environmental impact where susceptible hosts are grown. Phytosanitary measures are available to prevent the introduction and spread of the pathogen into the EU. Unless the restricted distribution in the EU is disproven, Pestalotiopsis microspora satisfies all the criteria that are within the remit of EFSA to assess for this species to be regarded as potential Union quarantine pest.

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Section: Pest Categorisationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pest categorisation of Pestalotiopsis microspora

Bragard,

Baptista,

Chatzivassiliou

et al. 2023

EFS2

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“…Fungi cause rot, blue mold, and green mold diseases in Amla fruits [6]. Pestalotiopsis is well known as a pre-harvest pathogen, which is responsible for Amla fruit rot disease; also, fruit spot diseases caused by Thielaviopsis paradoxa were reported in Bangladesh [6,7]. Sengupta et al [8] reported post-harvest diseases of Amla like blue mold; anthracnose and fruit rot and suggested its possible management strategies including physical, chemical, and biological methods.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification and Fungal Biology of Post-harvest Fungi Associated with Amla Fruits and It's In Vitro Control Measures

Sultana¹,

Sikder²,

Alam³

2023

azb

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Post-harvest spoilage of Amla fruits is one of the major problems which reduces the economic quality of the fruits. The goal of the present study was to identify the post-harvest fungal pathogens associated with Amla fruits based on morphological and molecular characteristics, growth characteristics of the fungi, and their eco-friendly control measures. The fungi were identified as Penicillium rolfsii Thom., Penicillium herquei Bainier & Sartory, Aspergillus aculeatus Iizuka, Aspergillus terreus Thom., and Mucor sp. Frasen. Penicillium rolfsii and Aspergillus aculeatus were preferred to grow on Richard Agar medium; Penicillium herquei grew the maximum on Potato Sucrose Agar medium; Aspergillus terreus was found to grow irrespective of culture media and Mucor sp. grew on all the tested media except Richard Agar medium. The optimum temperatures were recorded at 25 to 35°C for all of the fungi except Mucor sp., which preferred to grow at 15°C. Aspergillus aculeatus was able to grow on a broad range of pH (5 to 9); Penicillium rolfsii, Penicillium herquei, and Aspergillus terreus were grown better at neutral to slightly alkaline pH, while Mucor sp. on slightly acidic conditions. Aqueous crude extracts of garlic and black cumin were found to show inhibitory activity against all the fungi. Food preservative sodium benzoate was found to be the most efficient against fungal pathogens. Based on our findings, it is suggested that garlic extract and sodium benzoate could be used to manage the fungal growth associated with post-harvest Amla fruit diseases.

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Development of a Multiplex PCR to Simultaneously Detect Four Problematic Pathogens in Cymbidium kanran

Kim,

Yoon,

Kang

et al. 2024

Plant Pathol J

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Colletotrichum gloeosporioides (Cg), Pestalotiopsis sp. (Ps), Fusarium oxysporum (Fo), and Fusarium proliferatum (Fp) are pathogens that cause various diseases of Cymbidium kanran. Species identification based on the morphological characteristics of pathogen-infected orchids is very complex and difficult; therefore, specific and reliable diagnostic methods are needed. Here, we developed a multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay for simultaneous detection of Cg, Ps, Fo, and Fp. Four pairs of pathogen-specific primers were designed based on the internal transcribed spacer sequences of each pathogen, generating fragments of 480, 407, 321, and 279 bp, respectively. The multiplex PCR assay using these four pairs of mixed primers effectively detected the four pathogens simultaneously, with a sensitivity of 0.1 ng genomic DNA/pathogen. Application of the optimized multiplex PCR assay to symptomatic C. kanran leaf samples effectively detected single or multiple pathogens. These results indicate that the multiplex PCR developed in this study is not only a rapid and reliable method for detecting four problematic pathogens in C. kanran, but also serves as a very useful tool for early diagnosis.

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First report of pre-harvest amla fruit rots disease caused by Pestalotiopsis sp. in Bangladesh

Cited by 3 publications

References 0 publications

Pest categorisation of Pestalotiopsis microspora

Pest categorisation of Pestalotiopsis microspora

Identification and Fungal Biology of Post-harvest Fungi Associated with Amla Fruits and It's In Vitro Control Measures

Development of a Multiplex PCR to Simultaneously Detect Four Problematic Pathogens in Cymbidium kanran

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