First Report of Streptococcus ruminantium in Wildlife: Phenotypic Differences with a Spanish Domestic Ruminant Isolate

Neila‐Ibáñez, Carlos; Pintado, Ester; Velarde, Roser; Fernández-Aguilar, Xavier; Vidal, Enríc; Aragón, Virginia; Abarca, M. L.

doi:10.3390/microbiolres13010008

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…Recently, S. ruminantium was associated with pathology in 4 Pyrenean chamois and 1 domestic sheep from NE Spain [13]. In wild ruminants, S. ruminantium has been isolated from lung lesions and heart valve vegetations, and in domestic ruminants from liver abscesses [13].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Streptococcus ruminantium-associated sheep mastitis outbreak detected in Italy is distinct from bovine isolates

Rosa,

Vezina,

Marogna

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Streptococcus ruminantium is the causative agent of several bovine and ovine diseases, however reports are uncommon and application of whole genome sequencing to identify is rare. We report for the first time, a severe ovine mastitis outbreak caused by S. ruminantium in Italy, 2022. S. ruminantium was isolated from 12 adult lactating ewes with diffuse nodules in the mammary parenchyma and predominantly serous and clotted milk. All outbreak isolates, along with five additional historical Italian isolates (between 2011 and 2017), were genomically characterised and then analysed in the context of all publicly available S. ruminantium genomes. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was performed to determine the MICs of 16 antibiotics. The results showed that all isolates were susceptible to all antimicrobials tested except kanamycin. Single Nucleotide Variant analysis confirmed this as a clonal outbreak across 10 sheep (≤ 15 SNVs), while the two others were colonised by more distantly related clones (≤ 53 pairwise SNVs), indicating the presence of multiple infecting lineages. The five historical S. ruminantium isolates were comprised of genetically-distant singletons (between 1259–5430 pairwise SNVs to 2022 outbreak isolates). Ovine isolates were found to be genetically distinct to bovine isolates, forming monophyletic groups. Bovine isolates were similarly made up of singleton clones in all but two isolates. Taken together, our genomic analysis using all globally available genomes is consistent with general opportunistic pathogenesis of S. ruminantium. We encourage future genomic surveillance efforts to facilitate outbreak detection, as well as improve our understanding of this poorly-understood, multi-host, zoonotic pathogen.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Streptococcus ruminantium-associated sheep mastitis outbreak detected in Italy is distinct from bovine isolates

Rosa,

Vezina,

Marogna

et al. 2023

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Both reports lacked information on clinical signs and in some cases have not made sequence data publicly available. Recently, S. ruminantium was associated with pathology in 4 Pyrenean chamois and 1 domestic sheep from NE Spain [ 13 ]. In wild ruminants, S. ruminantium has been isolated from lung lesions and heart valve vegetations, and in domestic ruminants from liver abscesses [ 13 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Streptococcus ruminantium-associated sheep mastitis outbreak detected in Italy is distinct from bovine isolates

Rosa,

Vezina,

Marogna

et al. 2023

Vet Res

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Streptococcus ruminantium is the causative agent of several bovine and ovine diseases, however reports are uncommon and application of whole genome sequencing to identify is rare. We report for the first time, a severe ovine mastitis outbreak caused by S. ruminantium in Italy, 2022. S. ruminantium was isolated from 12 adult lactating ewes with diffuse nodules in the mammary parenchyma and predominantly serous and clotted milk. All outbreak isolates, along with five additional historical Italian isolates (between 2011 and 2017), were genomically characterised and then analysed in the context of all publicly available S. ruminantium genomes. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was performed to determine the MICs of 16 antibiotics. The results showed that all isolates were susceptible to all antimicrobials tested except kanamycin. Single Nucleotide Variant analysis confirmed this as a clonal outbreak across 10 sheep (≤ 15 SNVs), while the two others were colonised by more distantly related clones (≤ 53 pairwise SNVs), indicating the presence of multiple infecting lineages. The five historical S. ruminantium isolates were comprised of genetically-distant singletons (between 1259 and 5430 pairwise SNVs to 2022 outbreak isolates). Ovine isolates were found to be genetically distinct to bovine isolates, forming monophyletic groups. Bovine isolates were similarly made up of singleton clones in all but two isolates. Taken together, our genomic analysis using all globally available genomes is consistent with general opportunistic pathogenesis of S. ruminantium. We encourage future genomic surveillance efforts to facilitate outbreak detection, as well as improve our understanding of this poorly-understood, multi-host, zoonotic pathogen.

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Antibiotic-Resistant Bacteria Dissemination in the Wildlife, Livestock, and Water of Maiella National Park, Italy

Smoglica

Vergara

Angelucci³

et al. 2023

Animals

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Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a global health concern that has been linked to humans, animals, and the environment. The One Health approach highlights the connection between humans, animals, and the environment and suggests that a multidisciplinary approached be used in studies investigating AMR. The present study was carried out to identify and characterize the antimicrobial resistance profiles of bacteria isolated from wildlife and livestock feces as well as from surface water samples in Maiella National Park, Italy. Ecological and georeferenced data were used to select two sampling locations, one where wildlife was caught within livestock grazing areas (sympatric group) and one where wildlife was caught outside of livestock grazing areas (non-sympatric group). Ninety-nine bacterial isolates from 132 feces samples and seven isolates from five water samples were collected between October and December 2019. The specimens were examined for species identification, antibiotic susceptibility and molecular detection of antibiotic resistance. Forty isolates were identified as Escherichia coli, forty-eight as Enterococcus spp., eight as Streptococcus spp. and ten as other gram-negative bacteria. Phenotypic antibiotic resistance to at least one antimicrobial agent, including some antibiotics that play a critical role in human medicine, was detected in 36/106 (33.9%, 95%CI: 25–43) isolates and multidrug resistance was detected in 9/106 isolates (8.49%, 95%CI: 3.9–15.5). In addition, genes associated with antibiotic resistance were identified in 61/106 (57.55%, 95%CI: 47.5–67) isolates. The samples from sympatric areas were 2.11 (95%CI: 1.2–3.5) times more likely to contain resistant bacterial isolates than the samples from non-sympatric areas. These data suggest that drug resistant bacteria may be transmitted in areas where wildlife and livestock cohabitate. This emphasizes the need for further investigations focusing on the interactions between humans, wildlife, and the environment, the results of which can aid in the early detection of emerging AMR profiles and possible transmission routes.

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First Report of Streptococcus ruminantium in Wildlife: Phenotypic Differences with a Spanish Domestic Ruminant Isolate

Cited by 3 publications

References 31 publications

Streptococcus ruminantium-associated sheep mastitis outbreak detected in Italy is distinct from bovine isolates

Streptococcus ruminantium-associated sheep mastitis outbreak detected in Italy is distinct from bovine isolates

Streptococcus ruminantium-associated sheep mastitis outbreak detected in Italy is distinct from bovine isolates

Antibiotic-Resistant Bacteria Dissemination in the Wildlife, Livestock, and Water of Maiella National Park, Italy

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