First Report of the Pecan Root-Knot Nematode, <i>Meloidogyne partityla</i>, Causing Dieback to Laurel Oak in South Carolina

Eisenback, J. D.; Paes-Takahashi, Vanessa dos Santos; Graney, L. S.

doi:10.1094/pdis-11-14-1122-pdn

Cited by 6 publications

(2 citation statements)

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“…It is thought to have been introduced into South Africa by pecan seedlings that came from USA in 1912, 1939 and 1940 44 . Today, this nematode is seen infecting pecan trees in Arizona 45 , Arkansas 46 , Florida 47,48 , Georgia 49 , New Mexico 50 , Oklahoma 45 , South Carolina 51 and Texas 52 . In addition to pecans, they also infect the California black walnut ( Juglans hindsii ), English walnut ( J. regia ), shagbark hickory ( Carya ovate ), post oak ( Quercus stellate ), water oak ( Quercus nigra ) and laurel oak ( Q. laurifolia ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular characterization of root-knot nematodes (Meloidogyne spp.) from Arkansas, USA

Robbins

Kirkpatrick

2019

Sci Rep

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Root-knot nematodes (Meloidogyne spp.) are the most common major pathogens of many crops throughout the world, impacting both the quantity and quality of marketable yields. In this study, a total of 244 root-knot nematode populations from various hosts from 39 counties in Arkansas were tested to determine the species diversity. Molecular characterization was performed on these populations by DNA sequencing of the ribosomal DNA 18S-ITS-5.8S, 28S D2/D3 and a mitochondrial DNA fragment flanking cytochrome oxidase gene subunit II - the intergenic spacer. Five species were identified, including M. incognita (Kofoid & White, 1919) Chitwood, 1949 from soybean, cotton, corn and various vegetables (232 samples); M. hapla Chitwood, 1949 from rose (1 sample); M. haplanaria Eisenback, Bernard, Starr, Lee & Tomaszewski, 2003 from okra, tomato, peanut, Indian hawthorn, ash, willow and elm trees (7 samples); M. marylandi Jepson & Golden in Jepson, 1987 from grasses (3 samples); and M. partityla Kleynhans, 1986 from pecan (1 sample) through a combined analysis of DNA sequencing and PCR by species-specific primers. Meloidogyne incognita is the most abundant species that was identified in 95% samples and was the only species in field crops including soybean and cotton, except for one population of M. haplanaria from soybean in Logan County (TK201). Species-specific primers were used to verify M. incognita through PCR by species-specific primers. Unlike historical data, M. arenaria, M. javanica and M. graminis were not detected from any of the samples collected during this study. This result is essential for effective and sustainable management strategies against root-knot nematodes in Arkansas.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular characterization of root-knot nematodes (Meloidogyne spp.) from Arkansas, USA

Robbins

Kirkpatrick

2019

Sci Rep

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“…Symptoms of declining tree health and dieback can be caused by a wide range of factors other than poisoning, such as changes in climate (Choat et al, 2018), environmental conditions (Fazan et al, 2017;Madrigal-Gonz alez et al, 2017), mechanical injury (Stoffel et al, 2005;Stoffel and Bollschweiler, 2008;Stoffel and Klinkmüller, 2013), nutrient deficiency (Gessler et al, 2017), defoliating insect attacks (Das et al, 2016;Saulnier et al, 2017;Panzavolta et al, 2018), nematodes (Calvão et al, 2019;Eisenback et al, 2015), fungi (Crous and Wingfield, 2018;Schmidt, 2006), or viruses (Agrios, 2004). Usually, whenever a vascular plant is experiencing stress due to one or several of these factors, it will become less resilient and thereby more susceptible to disease (Anderegg et al, 2015;Camarero et al, 2015;Navarro-Cerrillo et al, 2019).…”

Section: Tree Vitality and The Timing Of Tree Poisoningmentioning

confidence: 99%

When scientists become detectives: investigating systematic tree poisoning in a protected cove

Stoffel

Corona

Cánovas

2020

Heliyon

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The systematic killing of trees is usually aimed at eradicating pests or alien plant species susceptible to harm existing natural ecosystems. In some cases, trees may become the subject of dispute between neighbors, which sometimes ends in tree death after months or years of dispute. In this paper, we analyze a case of clandestine tree killing and look into ways through which evidence left by delinquents can be analyzed a posteriori with state-ofthe-art approaches. The investigation presented here looks at a series of old-growth trees that were supposedly poisoned inside a protected, nineteenth century grove in Switzerland. After the sudden, unexplained death of several old Black poplar (Populus nigra) trees along the main alley in fall 2015 and their subsequent removal, the dying of five additional, neighboring Sycamore maple (Acer pseudoplatanus) and English walnut (Juglans regia) trees in 2016 promptly triggered a suite of criminal investigations at the property. During an initial inspection, a large number of boreholes was found in the root plates of the dying trees. We present findings obtained from treering, wood anatomical and dendrogeochemical investigations performed on root, stem and leave material from the assumedly poisoned trees and show that massive amounts of chemical elementssupposedly in the form organic pesticides with high Al, As, Fe, Cr, Ni contents, aluminum phosphides or glyphosate-based pesticideswere injected into 36 boreholes drilled into the roots around September 2016. Results obtained in this study are currently used in criminal investigations, and are a nice example of how scientific detectives can help their "real World" colleagues in identifying delinquents.

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Nematodes of Agricultural Importance in North and South Carolina

2018

Sustainability in Plant and Crop Protection

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First Report of the Pecan Root-Knot Nematode, Meloidogyne partityla, Causing Dieback to Laurel Oak in South Carolina

Cited by 6 publications

References 4 publications

Molecular characterization of root-knot nematodes (Meloidogyne spp.) from Arkansas, USA

Molecular characterization of root-knot nematodes (Meloidogyne spp.) from Arkansas, USA

When scientists become detectives: investigating systematic tree poisoning in a protected cove

Nematodes of Agricultural Importance in North and South Carolina

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