First report of three species of Trichoderma isolated from the rhizosphere in Algeria and the high antagonistic effect of Trichoderma brevicompactum to control grey mould disease of tomato

Abstract

Background Grey mould caused by Botrytis cinerea Pers. (teleomorph Botryotinia fuckeliana (de Bary) Whetzel) is one of the most destructive fungal diseases of Mediterranean crops. In Algeria, few studies have been made on the economic impact of this disease. Nevertheless, it is practically present in all tomato and strawberry greenhouses, as well as in prospected vineyards in the north and south of the country. The complexity of chemical control of this disease has led to search for Trichoderma strains that are effective in biological control. Results Fifteen isolates of Trichoderma spp. were obtained from vigorous and healthy plants (tomatoes, strawberries, and vines) rhizosphere, and from a commercial bio-compost (Bio-composte®), then identified as T. afroharzianum (four isolates), T. gamsii (four isolates), T. longibrachiatum (three isolates), T. atroviride (one isolate), T. brevicompactum (one isolate), T. breve (one isolate), and T. lixii (one isolate) on the basis of DNA sequence analysis of four genes (ITS, tef1, rpb2, and acl1). In vitro biocontrol tests revealed that four Algerian isolates of Trichoderma spp. (TAtC11, TGS7, TGS10, and TBS1) had a high antagonistic activity against B. cinerea, the mycelial growth has been reduced by 62 to 65% in dual-culture technique, by 62.31 to 64.49% in volatile compounds test, and a high inhibition of germling growth was recorded by TBS1 isolate with 90.68% in Culture filtrates test. Biocontrol tests carried out on tomato plants with T. brevicompactum (TBS1), T. atroviride (TAtC11), and T. lixii (TLiC8) against B. cinerea (BCT04) showed that TBS1 inoculation significantly reduced the incidence of disease by 64.43 and 51.35% in preventive and curative treatment, respectively. Conclusion The present study revealed the first report of T. brevicompactum, T. breve, and T. lixii in Algeria, and it also contributes to the promotion of the use of native strains of Trichoderma in biological control leading to a better preservation of soil microbial diversity.

Phylogeny and Optimization of Trichoderma harzianum for Chitinase Production: Evaluation of Their Antifungal Behaviour against the Prominent Soil Borne Phyto-Pathogens of Temperate India

“…The tef 1α gene results showed sequence similarity of 98% with T. harzianum, whereas rpb2 showed 99% with T. afroharzianum (cryptic species of T. harzianum), respectively. Likewise, our investigation of the importance of rpb2 and tef 1α in validating the ITS results has been realized by many investigators [28].…”

“…Studies on the effect of culture filtrate on the growth of some prominent phytopathogens viz., D. necatrix, F. oxysporum, F. solani and P. aphanidermatum revealed that their growth was significantly inhibited by chitinase producing isolated Trichoderma strains, concentrations and isolates differed significantly from each other among all the tested pathogens. Growth inhibition of the pathogens by Trichoderma culture-free filtrate has been reported by several workers [20,28]. The effect of culture filtrate of Trichoderma on the pathogen might be due to the production of chitinase [3,48] found that culture filtrates of T. harzianum inhibit zoospore germination, germ tube elongation and mycelial growth of P. aphanidermatum, causing damping-off disease of tobacco.…”

“…have previously been isolated from the different soils [27]. The Trichoderma isolates have a founded footprint in the rhizosphere of plants and, as such, may be considered to be the most appropriate site for its isolation [28]. The investigations on chitinase production by Trichoderma sp.…”

In Vitro Study of Biocontrol Potential of Rhizospheric Microorganisms Against Fusarium Oxysporum F.SP. Albedinis

“…Their results indicated that Trichoderma strains reduce the mycelial growth of Foa isolates tested, with inhibition rates of 63% and 65% respectively. Due to their rapid development and their production of bioactive substances, several Trichoderma species limited the growth of Fusarium species and considered as a powerful microbial antagonists and can be used as a bioprotector or as a plant biostimulant (Sghir et al, 2016;Benouzza et al, 2020;Haouhach et al, 2020;Bustamante et al, 2021;Pani et al, 2021;Hammad et al, 2021). In the same context, the efficacy in vitro of the inhibitory activity of T. harzianum against F. oxysporum were assessed by Hibar et al (2005) who recorded inhibition rates greater than 65%, after a direct confrontation on the PDA medium.…”

Rhizospheric Fungus: Morphological Characterization Of Rhizosphere Flower On Onion Plant In Enrekang District

“…(Suganda., 2020) Through the dual culture test, three types of Trichoderma isolated from the tomato rhozosphere were able to suppress soilborne pathogens by 65%. (Hammad et al, 2021). reported that Trichoderma asperellum which is a rhizosphere fungus on Malus sieversisi can suppress the pathogen Fusarium oxsysporum (FOX68) by 66.7%.…”