First report on the nationwide incidence and prevalence of Type 1 diabetes among children in Turkey

Abstract

This is the first study to report the incidence and prevalence of Type 1 diabetes in children in Turkey. The incidence of Type 1 diabetes reflects the geographical location of Turkey, bridging Asia and Europe, with the incidence being higher than in Asia but lower than in Europe.

Epidemiology of childhood-onset type 1 diabetes in Azerbaijan: Incidence, clinical features, biochemistry, and HLA-DRB1 status

“…No seasonal pattern was identified in this study, unlike a previous report from Turkey where onset was more common in winter and autumn [22]. A small female preponderance has been found in Turkey [19] and particularly in Uzbekistan [20]. However, this Azerbaijan data showed a slight male excess, in agreement with the prior published series from Azerbaijan [3].…”

“…Almost all (98%) subjects in this study were diagnosed with type 1 diabetes. The pattern of type 1 diabetes of Azerbaijan is similar to that of European [1] and Turkic [19 20] populations in terms of the peak age of onset and corresponds with an almost uniform presence of classic symptoms [1]. No seasonal pattern was identified in this study, unlike a previous report from Turkey where onset was more common in winter and autumn [22].…”

“…However, the Azeris are a Turkic population [18]; hence, comparisons with other Turkic populations may be more appropriate. Data exists for two such populations, both nationwide – type 1 diabetes incidence of 10.8 per 100,000 children <18 years of age per year was reported in Turkey 2011–2103 [19], and 3.8 per 100,000 <15 years of age per year in Uzbekistan in 2014 [20]. The incidence found in the current study was 7.05 per 100,000.…”

Data Regarding the Prevalence and Incidence of Diabetes Mellitus and Prediabetes

“…Thus, type 1 DM prevalence was 0.75/1000, higher in girls than in boys. In Turkey, type 1 DM incidence is in accordance with the geographical location of this country, higher than in Asia, but lower than in Europe [21].…”

Incidence and trend of type 1 diabetes and the underlying environmental determinants

“…Nevertheless, in a limited number of regions showing significant sex distinction, propensity exists that male preponderance is mainly present in populations with higher risk for T1D such as Caucasians while a female excess is commonly found in lower risk groups like Africans and Asians . With respect to studies extending such epidemiological research into patients diagnosed over 15 years of age, a consistent male predominance has been identified in the United Kingdom, Republic of Srpska, Slovenia, Israel, and China with the only exception of a Turkish study reporting a constant female dominance throughout 0 to 18 years . In a systematic review on a collection of 54 studies reporting T1D incidences in individuals diagnosed over the age of 15 throughout the world, 44 (81%) studies showed larger incidences in males, and the overall male‐female ratio was calculated to be 1.47 .…”