First results on thermally induced porosity in chlorite cooking vessels from Merv (Turkmenistan) and implications for the formation and preservation of archaeological lipid residues

Namdar, Dvory; Stacey, Rebecca; Simpson, St John

doi:10.1016/j.jas.2009.07.003

Cited by 13 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…Since 2009 two separate and independent studies on material from different countries have identified both absorbed and visible residues from soft stone cooking pots (158,159). The study of 5 th to 13 th century chlorite vessels from Merv in Turkmenistan also used modern, chlorite cooking pots to investigate the structure of the stone itself, how it behaves when heated and how this could facilitate the preservation of absorbed residues (158).…”

Section: Residues From Unexpected Sourcesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Organic Residues in Archaeology: The Highs and Lows of Recent Research

Steele

2013

ACS Symposium Series

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The analysis of organic residues from archaeological materials has become increasingly important to our understanding of ancient diet, trade and technology. Residues from diverse contexts have been retrieved and analysed from the remains of food, medicine and cosmetics to hafting material on stone arrowheads, pitch and tar from shipwrecks, and ancient manure from soils. Research has brought many advances in our understanding of archaeological, organic residues over the past two decades. Some have enabled very specific and detailed interpretations of materials preserved in the archaeological record. However there are still areas where we know very little, like the mechanisms at work during the formation and preservation of residues, and areas where each advance produces more questions rather than answers, as in the identification of degraded fats. This chapter will discuss some of the significant achievements in the field over the past decade and the ongoing challenges for research in this area.1341280_File000001_20903114.docPrinted 7/19/2013 2

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Section: Residues From Unexpected Sourcesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The study of 5 th to 13 th century chlorite vessels from Merv in Turkmenistan also used modern, chlorite cooking pots to investigate the structure of the stone itself, how it behaves when heated and how this could facilitate the preservation of absorbed residues (158).…”

Section: Residues From Unexpected Sourcesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Organic Residues in Archaeology: The Highs and Lows of Recent Research

Steele

2013

ACS Symposium Series

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“…10,11 Civilizações antigas impermeabilizavam com lipídios recipientes novos de pedra-sabão, processo denominado cura, reduzindo a porosidade e minimizando a perda de massa. 2,4,9 A cura continua sendo aplicada às panelas de pedra-sabão, 4,9,12 ao mesmo tempo que permite que elementos como Ca, Mg, Fe e Ni possam ser transferidos aos alimentos. 2,9,12 Metais com potencial de toxicidade ao homem, como Cu, Cd, Ni, Pb e As, podem estar presentes na composição do esteatito, 7,9,13 e a transferência desses metais durante armazenamento de líquidos em recipientes de pedra-sabão pode ocorrer, ainda que reduzida pela cura, podendo transferir quantidades tóxicas dos referidos elementos.…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Níveis de contaminantes inorgânicos em cachaças da região do Quadrilátero Ferrífero armazenadas em copos in natura de esteatito (pedra-sabão)

Fernandes¹,

Fausto²,

Bezerra³

et al. 2013

Quím. Nova

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Recebido em 24/3/13; aceito em 8/7/13; publicado na web em 9/8/13 LEVELS OF INORGANIC CONTAMINANTS IN BRAZILIAN CACHAÇAS FROM THE QUADRILÁTERO FERRÍFERO REGION STORED IN IN NATURA STEATITE (SOAPSTONE) CUPS.The levels of inorganic contaminants (As, Cd, Cu, Ni and Pb) were measured in 18 Brazilian spirit beverages, before and after 4 contact cycles of 24h each with in natura soapstone (steatite) cups. Results were compared to Brazilian regulation levels. Spirits contained As, Cd, Ni and Pb within permitted levels. For Cu, 5.6% of the brands were above the limit. The contact with soapstone cups decreased Cu levels in the spirits, while the other elements remained unchanged. The use of in natura soapstone cups was considered safe because this kind of vessel did not transfer inorganic contaminants to the spirits.Keywords: cupper; alcohol; spirit drinks. INTRODUÇÃODevido a sua abundância e propriedades o esteatito (pedra-sabão) tem sido usado pelo homem desde a Antiguidade.1,2 Em função da sua densidade, maciez e resistência ao calor a pedra-sabão é um material considerado ideal para produzir recipientes, panelas e utensílios pequenos.1,3-6 Embora a composição da pedra-sabão apresente variação geográfica, há certo perfil predominante, contendo talco e clorita como minerais majoritários.2,3,5-7 A resistência do esteatito ao tempo é determinada pelas condições ambientais somadas às petrográficas e petrofísicas.1,8 Todavia, condições ácidas são danosas à sua estrutura, tanto em laboratório 8,9 como nas esculturas e edificações, 1 podendo ser potencializadas por microrganismos. 10,11 Civilizações antigas impermeabilizavam com lipídios recipientes novos de pedra-sabão, processo denominado cura, reduzindo a porosidade e minimizando a perda de massa.2,4,9 A cura continua sendo aplicada às panelas de pedra-sabão, 4,9,12 ao mesmo tempo que permite que elementos como Ca, Mg, Fe e Ni possam ser transferidos aos alimentos.2,9,12 Metais com potencial de toxicidade ao homem, como Cu, Cd, Ni, Pb e As, podem estar presentes na composição do esteatito, 7,9,13 e a transferência desses metais durante armazenamento de líquidos em recipientes de pedra-sabão pode ocorrer, ainda que reduzida pela cura, podendo transferir quantidades tóxicas dos referidos elementos. 9,14,15 Atualmente, são comercializados produtos de pedra-sabão que não são passíveis de cura, tais como jarros e copos, os quais têm indicação para uso com bebidas alcoólicas. Todavia, até o momento o comportamento da pedra-sabão não-curada exposta ao álcool etílico não foi avaliado. Adicionalmente, as bebidas alcoólicas comerciais podem ser veículos de elementos tóxicos, incluindo Ni, em teor superior ao máximo aceitável. 16 A cachaça, bebida destilada nacional produzida por fermentação da cana-de-açúcar, deve atender à legislação brasileira no que tange à presença dos contaminantes inorgânicos Cu, Pb e As, limitados a 5,0; 0,2 e 0,1 mg/L, respectivamente, 17 tendo sido constatado extrapolação nos teores destes elementos em cachaças vendidas em Araraquara (SP). 18Estudo com cac...

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“…However, although several authors mention relationships between porosity and organic products trapped in pottery walls, only a few have investigated porosity in this view (Namdar et al . ; Correa‐Ascencio and Evershed ; Matlova et al . ) and none has specifically studied the properties of absorption and preservation of organic molecules detected in archaeological pottery using porosity analysis.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Porosity of ceramic vessels has been investigated to study pottery manufacture and firing (Sanders 1973;Morariu et al 1977;Maniatis and Tsirtsoni 2002;Carvalho et al 2006;Sobott et al 2014;Volzone and Zagorodny 2014;Thér 2016;Gomart et al 2017), the physical properties related to pottery function (Rice 1987, 350-354;Moraru and Szendrei 2010;Lapp 2012), and resistance to degradation during burial (Bronitsky 1986, 225-231). However, although several authors mention relationships between porosity and organic products trapped in pottery walls, only a few have investigated porosity in this view (Namdar et al 2009;Correa-Ascencio and Evershed 2013;Matlova et al 2017) and none has specifically studied the properties of absorption and preservation of organic molecules detected in archaeological pottery using porosity analysis.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of porosity on lipid preservation in the wall of archaeological pottery

et al. 2019

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Porosity of archaeological pottery is a key parameter used to assess its ability to trap lipids during the use of the pot and to preserve them over time. Mercury intrusion porosimetry and gas chromatography were used to study the distribution of porosity and the preservation of lipids in different chrono‐cultural contexts. The data obtained show that the porosity pattern, related to the raw materials and the savoir‐faire of the potters, influences the amount of lipids accumulated in the pottery. A significant overall porosity together with a high level of small pores is generally favourable for the preservation of lipids, but variations related to the environmental context are observed.

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First results on thermally induced porosity in chlorite cooking vessels from Merv (Turkmenistan) and implications for the formation and preservation of archaeological lipid residues

Cited by 13 publications

References 31 publications

Organic Residues in Archaeology: The Highs and Lows of Recent Research

Organic Residues in Archaeology: The Highs and Lows of Recent Research

Níveis de contaminantes inorgânicos em cachaças da região do Quadrilátero Ferrífero armazenadas em copos in natura de esteatito (pedra-sabão)

Influence of porosity on lipid preservation in the wall of archaeological pottery

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