First study on in vitro antiviral and virucidal effects of flavonoids against feline infectious peritonitis virus at the early stage of infection

Triratapiban, Chanittha; Lueangaramkul, Varanya; Phecharat, Nantawan; Pantanam, Achiraya; Lekcharoensuk, Porntippa; Theerawatanasirikul, Sirin

doi:10.14202/vetworld.2023.618-630

Cited by 6 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 52 publications

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“…This observation aligns with the characteristics of other flavonoids, such as isoginkgetin and luteolin, which have been reported to inhibit FIPV in the early replication stages but do not block virus entry (Triratapiban et al. 2023 ).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Antiviral activity of Vigna radiata extract against feline coronavirus in vitro

Chou,

Lin,

Chang

et al. 2024

Veterinary Quarterly

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Feline infectious peritonitis (FIP) is a fatal illness caused by a mutated feline coronavirus (FCoV). This disease is characterized by its complexity, resulting from systemic infection, antibody-dependent enhancement (ADE), and challenges in accessing effective therapeutics. Extract derived from Vigna radiata (L.) R. Wilczek (VRE) exhibits various pharmacological effects, including antiviral activity. This study aimed to investigate the antiviral potential of VRE against FCoV, addressing the urgent need to advance the treatment of FIP. We explored the anti-FCoV activity, antiviral mechanism, and combinational application of VRE by means of in vitro antiviral assays. Our findings reveal that VRE effectively inhibited the cytopathic effect induced by FCoV, reduced viral proliferation, and downregulated spike protein expression. Moreover, VRE blocked FCoV in the early and late infection stages and was effective under in vitro ADE infection. Notably, when combined with VRE, the polymerase inhibitor GS-441524 or protease inhibitor GC376 suppressed FCoV more effectively than monotherapy. In conclusion, this study characterizes the antiviral property of VRE against FCoV in vitro , and VRE possesses therapeutic potential for FCoV treatment.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Antiviral activity of Vigna radiata extract against feline coronavirus in vitro

Chou,

Lin,

Chang

et al. 2024

Veterinary Quarterly

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“…10.1.10. Miscellaneous Antiviral Treatments Some other drugs have only been investigated in vitro, and in vivo efficacy is unknown, such as vidarabine [359], which inhibits polymerase activity; nelfinavir, a commercially available protease inhibitor of human immunodeficiency virus [355]; Galanthus nivalis agglutinin, a carbohydrate-binding agent that binds to FCoV-glycosylated envelope glycoproteins, thereby inhibiting viral attachment to the host cell [355,392]; K31, a novel compound that binds and alters the conformation of the FCoV nucleocapsid protein [393]; plant-derived flavonoids (including isoginkgetin) [394]; and ERDRP-0516, a non-nucleoside inhibitor of the RNA-dependent RNA polymerase [395]. One study has shown evidence of antiviral synergy between GS-441524 and itraconazole in vitro, especially against a type I FCoV [352].…”

Section: Cyclosporine Amentioning

confidence: 99%

Feline Infectious Peritonitis: European Advisory Board on Cat Diseases Guidelines

Tasker,

Addie,

Egberink

et al. 2023

Viruses

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Feline coronavirus (FCoV) is a ubiquitous RNA virus of cats, which is transmitted faeco-orally. In these guidelines, the European Advisory Board on Cat Diseases (ABCD) presents a comprehensive review of feline infectious peritonitis (FIP). FCoV is primarily an enteric virus and most infections do not cause clinical signs, or result in only enteritis, but a small proportion of FCoV-infected cats develop FIP. The pathology in FIP comprises a perivascular phlebitis that can affect any organ. Cats under two years old are most frequently affected by FIP. Most cats present with fever, anorexia, and weight loss; many have effusions, and some have ocular and/or neurological signs. Making a diagnosis is complex and ABCD FIP Diagnostic Approach Tools are available to aid veterinarians. Sampling an effusion, when present, for cytology, biochemistry, and FCoV RNA or FCoV antigen detection is very useful diagnostically. In the absence of an effusion, fine-needle aspirates from affected organs for cytology and FCoV RNA or FCoV antigen detection are helpful. Definitive diagnosis usually requires histopathology with FCoV antigen detection. Antiviral treatments now enable recovery in many cases from this previously fatal disease; nucleoside analogues (e.g., oral GS-441524) are very effective, although they are not available in all countries.

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“…A recent study has highlighted the antiviral activity of an extract from the d3 Chinese herb against FIPV, suggesting a promising avenue for natural component-based therapies (Nishijıma et al, 2023). Furthermore, flavonoids such as isoginkgetin and luteolin have been found to inhibit FIPV replication and exhibit virucidal effects, providing a foundation for the development of flavonoid-based antiviral drugs (Triratapiban et al, 2023).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Theoretical studies of phytochemicals with feline infectious peritonitis virus proteins: a search for novel antivirals

Kurt

2024

International Journal of Agriculture Environment and Food Sciences

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Feline Infectious Peritonitis Virus (FIPV) is a highly lethal pathogen affecting cats worldwide. Developing effective antiviral treatments is crucial for managing this disease. This study investigates the potential of flavonoids to act as antiviral agents and allosteric modulators against the FIPV spike protein using molecular docking simulations. Thirteen flavonoids were docked against the FIPV spike protein (PDB ID: 6JX7) in both ligand-free (cleaned) and ligand-bound (uncleaned) states to assess their binding affinities and potential allosteric effects. The docking results revealed that all tested flavonoids exhibited strong binding affinities, with docking scores ranging from -7.9 to -9.6 kcal/mol in the cleaned receptor state. Notably, Hesperidin, Morin, Hesperetin, and Quercetin maintained or even improved their binding affinities in the presence of native ligands, suggesting their potential as allosteric modulators. Comparative analysis of the binding modes in the cleaned and uncleaned receptor states further supports the allosteric modulator potential of Morin, Hesperetin, and Hesperidin. These findings highlight the promising role of flavonoids as antiviral agents and allosteric modulators targeting the FIPV spike protein. Further experimental validation and optimization of these compounds could lead to the development of effective treatments for feline infectious peritonitis. This study provides valuable insights into the application of flavonoids in the management of viral diseases and contributes to the ongoing efforts in antiviral drug discovery.

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First study on in vitro antiviral and virucidal effects of flavonoids against feline infectious peritonitis virus at the early stage of infection

Cited by 6 publications

References 52 publications

Antiviral activity of Vigna radiata extract against feline coronavirus in vitro

Antiviral activity of Vigna radiata extract against feline coronavirus in vitro

Feline Infectious Peritonitis: European Advisory Board on Cat Diseases Guidelines

Theoretical studies of phytochemicals with feline infectious peritonitis virus proteins: a search for novel antivirals

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