First uncertainty evaluation of the FoCS-2 primary frequency standard

Jallageas, Antoine; Devenoges, Laurent; Petersen, Michael; Morel, Jacques; Bernier, Laurent-Guy; Schenker, D; Thomann, P.; Südmeyer, Thomas

doi:10.1088/1681-7575/aab3fa

Cited by 25 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 55 publications

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“…[26,27]. From a metrology viewpoint, the network opens up the potential to compare atomic clocks, such as the primary frequency standard FoCS-2 at METAS [37], to other frequency standards. Furthermore, such a network can be used for frequency comparisons beyond the current stability given by primary frequency standards, such as optical clocks.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

SI-traceable frequency dissemination at 1572.06 nm in a stabilized fiber network with ring topology

Husmann,

Bernier,

Bertrand

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Frequency dissemination in phase-stabilized optical fiber networks for metrological frequency comparisons and precision measurements are promising candidates to overcome the limitations imposed by satellite techniques. However, network constraints restrict the availability of dedicated channels in the commonly-used C-band. Here, we demonstrate the dissemination of an SI-traceable ultrastable optical frequency in the L-band over a 456 km fiber network with ring topology, in which telecommunication data traffic occupies the full C-band. We characterize the optical phase noise and evaluate a link instability of 4.7 × 10 −16 at 1 s and 3.8 × 10 −19 at 2000 s integration time, and a link accuracy of 2 × 10 −18 , which is comparable to existing metrology networks in the C-band. We demonstrate the application of the disseminated frequency by establishing the SI-traceability of a laser in a remote laboratory. Finally, we show that our metrological frequency does not interfere with data traffic in the telecommunication channels. Our approach combines an unconventional spectral choice in the telecommunication L-band with established frequency-stabilization techniques, providing a novel, cost-effective solution for ultrastable frequency-comparison and dissemination, and may contribute to a foundation of a world-wide metrological network.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

SI-traceable frequency dissemination at 1572.06 nm in a stabilized fiber network with ring topology

Husmann,

Bernier,

Bertrand

et al. 2021

Preprint

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“…Implementation of fountains with cryogenic interrogation environment enabled a new direct measurement of effects of thermal radiation shift ("blackbody radiation shift") [34] [35][36] [37]. Recently, a complete accuracy budget was published for continuous fountain at the level of 1.99 × 10 −15 [38]. More details on atomic fountains can be found for instance in [39], [23] and [40].…”

Section: Primary Frequency Standards Based On Atomic Fountainsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The unit of time: Present and future directions

Bize

2019

Comptes Rendus. Physique

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Some 50 years ago, physicists, and after them the entire world, started to found their time reference on atomic properties instead of motions of the Earth that have been in use since the origin. Far from being an arrival point, this decision marked the beginning of an adventure characterized by a 6 orders of magnitude improvement in the uncertainty of realization of atomic frequency and time references. Ever progressing atomic frequency standards and time references derived from them are key resources for science and for society. We will describe how the unit of time is realized with a fractional accuracy approaching 10 −16 and how it is delivered to users via the elaboration of the international atomic time. We will describe the tremendous progress of optical frequency metrology over the last 20 years which led to a novel generation of optical frequency standards with fractional uncertainties of 10 −18 . We will describe work toward a possible redefinition of the SI second based on such standards. We will describe existing and emerging applications of atomic frequency standards in science.

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“…-Some groups (NIST, INRIM) have tried to minimize the effect of the blackbody frequency shift, which is proportional to T 4 , by building a cryogenic (T = 77 K) vacuum structure that includes the microwave cavities and flight tube above them. [32] -A limitation in the stability of any atomic clock with pulsed operation, like most fountains, is the Dick effect.…”

Section: Cs Fountainsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Hyperfine Transition for the Definition of the Second

Arias

Petit

2019

Annalen der Physik

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The unit of time of the International System of Units (SI), the "atomic second" was defined through a constant of physics in 1967. It is derived from the frequency of the hyperfine transition of the atom of cesium 133. From the astronomical definition of the second until today, the accuracy of the realization of the second has improved by eight orders of magnitude, with a rate that has increased since the development of the cesium frequency standards, to reach parts in 10 16 for the best clocks today. In 2018, when the new SI was adopted, the time metrology community proved that a new generation of frequency standards operating in optical wavelengths has uncertainties at the level of 10 -18 , and challenge the implementation of high accurate frequency and time comparison techniques to decide on a revision of the definition of the second. Herein, the progress in the definition and realization of the second from astronomy until today is reviewed, an inventory of the present resources is assembled and a brief view for the future given.

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First uncertainty evaluation of the FoCS-2 primary frequency standard

Cited by 25 publications

References 55 publications

SI-traceable frequency dissemination at 1572.06 nm in a stabilized fiber network with ring topology

SI-traceable frequency dissemination at 1572.06 nm in a stabilized fiber network with ring topology

The unit of time: Present and future directions

The Hyperfine Transition for the Definition of the Second

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