2013
DOI: 10.1080/10705511.2013.797832
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First- Versus Second-Order Latent Growth Curve Models: Some Insights From Latent State-Trait Theory

Abstract: First order latent growth curve models (FGMs) estimate change based on a single observed variable and are widely used in longitudinal research. Despite significant advantages, second order latent growth curve models (SGMs), which use multiple indicators, are rarely used in practice, and not all aspects of these models are widely understood. In this article, our goal is to contribute to a deeper understanding of theoretical and practical differences between FGMs and SGMs. We define the latent variables in FGMs … Show more

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Cited by 90 publications
(128 citation statements)
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“…Methodologists have favored SO-LCM over first-order LCM because it separates measurement error and occasion-or state-specific variability (as first-order latent constructs) from true, trait-based change in a second-order latent construct, and it has greater power to detect mean-level changes because it accounts for the unreliability of manifest variables (Bollen & Curran, 2006;Geiser et al, 2013).…”
Section: Data Analytic Approachmentioning
confidence: 99%
See 1 more Smart Citation
“…Methodologists have favored SO-LCM over first-order LCM because it separates measurement error and occasion-or state-specific variability (as first-order latent constructs) from true, trait-based change in a second-order latent construct, and it has greater power to detect mean-level changes because it accounts for the unreliability of manifest variables (Bollen & Curran, 2006;Geiser et al, 2013).…”
Section: Data Analytic Approachmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…SO-LCM captures the development of a construct with two second-order latent random factors: intercept (i.e., initial status) and slope (i.e., change over time; Bollen & Curran, 2006;Geiser et al, 2013). Specifically, we tested: (a) a strict stability model assuming no meanlevel change in sympathy/overt aggression from T1-T3 in which only the intercept was estimated (intercept factor loadings fixed at 1), (b) a linear change model in which a latent slope represented a linear change in sympathy/overt aggression over time (slope factor loadings fixed at 0, 1, and 2, respectively), and (c) a non-linear change model in which change was not specified a priori (first and last slope factor loadings fixed at 0 and 1, respectively, and second factor loading freely estimated; see Bollen & Curran, 2006).…”
Section: Developmental Trajectories Of Sympathy and Overt Aggressionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…-LST, Latent state-trait theory: this approach is based on a second order factorial model (Geiser et al 2013). The first order factorial variables are represented by state-latent variables, the second order ones are the latent growth components.…”
Section: Methodsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The methodological advantages of the CUFFS model over the 1LGM have been previously documented (Ferrer, Balluerka, & Widaman, 2008;Geiser et al, 2013; Leite, 2007;Murphy, Beretvas, & Pituch, 2011;Sayer & Cumsille, 2001;von Oerzen, Hertzog, Lindenberger, & Ghisletta, 2010;Widaman, Ferrer, & Conger, 2010). We summarize the most important strengths of the CUFFS model.…”
Section: Modeling Growth Trajectoriesmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…An extension of the 1LGM, the CUFFS model characterizes the relation between the multiple items and their underlying construct at each time point, as well as the construct's growth trajectory. Although the CUFFS model was introduced almost 30 years ago and despite the analytical advantages it offers over the 1LGM, its application in educational research and the social sciences has been limited (Geiser, Keller, & Lockhart, 2013). Consequently, the benefits of the CUFFS model remain unfamiliar to many educational researchers working with longitudinal data.…”
mentioning
confidence: 99%