Fiscal challenges and inclusive growth in ageing societies

Rouzet, Dorothée; Sánchez, Aida Caldera; Renault, Theodore; Roehn, Oliver

doi:10.1787/c553d8d2-en

Cited by 50 publications

(45 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…In the coming decades, many countries are likely to face fiscal and political pressures across these sectors as they cater to their growing ageing populations. In LMICs, this trend of population ageing is occurring alongside rapid urbanisation, with older populations increasing faster in cities than in non-metropolitan areas (Rouzet et al, 2019). Both demographic trends indicate successful human development and improved living standards; however, their interaction raises important issues for urban ageing.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Planning for Age-Friendly Cities

Scott

2021

Planning Theory & Practice

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Planning for Age-Friendly Cities

Scott

2021

Planning Theory & Practice

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“…The indexing of pension coverage should rely on inflation instead of the procyclical public revenue to preserve retiree's purchasing power [25]. A reform that Argentina performed in 2017 when it changed its pension benefits formula to be 70% based on inflation and only 30% based on wages has improved the sustainability of the pension system in Argentina [26,27]. In Uruguay, the data shows that incentives pertaining to the pension system, such as a mixed system of a pay-as-you-go component and an individually funded component that favored retirees and pensioners with lower incomes (low-income workers have the choice to contribute to only the pay-as-you-go component while high-income workers are required to contribute to both components) [28] have encouraged workers to delay their retirement [29], a step that can only be expected if workers can sustain good health and that the work environment remain attractive to all generations.…”

Section: Policy Implicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Which Country Epitomizes the World? A Study from the Perspective of Demographic Composition

2019

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Demographic indicators are an essential element in considering various problems in the social economy, such as predicting economic fluctuations and establishing policies. Although literature extensively discusses the growth of the world population or issues pertaining to its aging, it has given little to no attention to population structures and transition patterns while considering compositional data problems. This study considers the characteristics of compositional data to examine the transition of the world population structure. The Aitchison distance examines the similarity of the world population structure from 1990 to 2080 and that of countries and regions in 2015, and creates maps to illustrate the results. Accordingly, the results identified the following countries and regions as epitomes of the world’s population structure through different periods: India, Northern Africa and South Africa, in the 1990s, South America in 2015 to 2030, Oceania and Northern America in 2040, Uruguay and Puerto Rico in 2050 to 2060, and Italy and Japan in the distant future.

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“…5,7 While increased survival to old age is a positive population outcome, it is commonly considered to burden productivity and economic growth, and strain systems of social security. [8][9][10] Especially for health systems, an increasing population share of the elderly is often thought to threaten progress toward Universal Health Coverage (UHC)-ensuring that everyone can access the healthcare they need without suffering financial hardship. 11,12 Such financial hardship is indicated when households' out-of-pocket medical expenditures (OOPEs) exceed a catastrophic household budget share where other basic needs-such as food, clothing and education-become compromised, or when OOPEs push households under the poverty line.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Financial Protection in Health among the Elderly – A Global Stocktake

Smitz

2021

Health Systems & Reform

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Universal Health Coverage is one of the key targets of the Sustainable Development Goals and it implies that everyone can access the healthcare they need without suffering financial hardship. In this paper, we use a large set of household surveys to examine if older populations are facing different degrees of financial hardship compared to younger populations. We find that while differences in average age structures between countries are not systematically associated with higher financial risk related to outof-pocket health expenditures, there are large differences in financial hardship between younger and older households within countries. Households with more elderly members are more likely to face catastrophic and impoverishing out-of-pocket health payments compared to younger households, and this age gradient is stronger for the poorest segments of the population. Making progress toward Universal Health Coverage will require extension and improved targeting of benefit packages and financial protection to meet the health needs of older adults, and especially the poorest and most vulnerable segments of elderly populations.

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Fiscal challenges and inclusive growth in ageing societies

Abstract: This document and any map included herein are without prejudice to the status of or sovereignty over any territory, to the delimitation of international frontiers and boundaries and to the name of any territory, city or area.

Cited by 50 publications

References 47 publications

Planning for Age-Friendly Cities

Planning for Age-Friendly Cities

Which Country Epitomizes the World? A Study from the Perspective of Demographic Composition

Financial Protection in Health among the Elderly – A Global Stocktake

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