Fischer–Tropsch synthesis on potassium-modified Fe3O4 nanoparticles

Cho, Jae Min; Jeong, Min Ho; Bae, Jong Wook

doi:10.1007/s11164-015-2360-3

Cited by 11 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…Insertion of low loading potassium to nanocrystalline Fe-oxide precursors increases their surface area by a factor of 1.2−1.5. 22,85,96 Addition of potassium to an Fe−Al−O spinel precursor impeded the depletion of a pure Fe 3 O 4 phase after carburization. 13 Combining potassium, silica, alumina, and ZSM-5 zeolite with an Fe-oxide precursor strongly affected the iron carburization ability and products selectivity.…”

Section: Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Researchmentioning

confidence: 99%

Conversion of CO₂, CO, and H₂ in CO₂ Hydrogenation to Fungible Liquid Fuels on Fe-Based Catalysts

Landau

Meiri

Utsis

et al. 2017

Ind. Eng. Chem. Res.

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CO2 hydrogenation conducted on Fe-based catalysts consists of a wide range of reactions with CO2 and H2 reacting in the reverse water–gas shift (RWGS) to produce CO and CO and H2 reacting in the Fischer–Tropsch (FT) type reactions leading to hydrocarbons and oxygenates. Methanation and Boudouard side reactions are extremely detrimental to selectivity and stability of the Fe-based catalysts. The catalytic system is very complex, posing challenging issues that require fundamental understanding of the dynamics of changes in the catalytic phases, mechanism of key reactions, and effects of catalyst composition including key promoters. A comprehensive analysis of fundamental aspects of catalytic materials, phases, and promoters and the catalytic mechanisms are presented in this paper. It was established that the ratio of Fecarbide/Feoxide atoms at the surface of an activated catalyst responsible for its selectivity is determined by the environment of iron ions in oxide precursors changed by insertion of ions of other metals. Fungible liquid fuels were produced in bench scale reactors and demonstrated to be suitable as blending stock for transportation fuels. The techno-economic analysis of processes using CO2 and either water, biogas, or natural gas as feedstock was conducted. As expected, the production of eco-friendly, renewable fuels based on CO2 is not competitive with fuels based on crude oil because of the high cost of production of hydrogen.

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Section: Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Researchmentioning

confidence: 99%

Conversion of CO₂, CO, and H₂ in CO₂ Hydrogenation to Fungible Liquid Fuels on Fe-Based Catalysts

Landau

Meiri

Utsis

et al. 2017

Ind. Eng. Chem. Res.

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“…The final heterogenized homogeneous catalyst was prepared by using Rh-3BP through the wet-impregnation method in the solvent of dichloromethane after aging for 2 h, and the final heterogenized homogeneous catalyst was denoted as Rh-3BP/W x C. (2) A magnetite (Fe 3 O 4 ) was used to prepare the heterogenized homogeneous catalyst using the homogeneous Rh-3BP catalyst. The iron precursor, acetyl acetonate, 1,12-dodedcanediol, oleic acid and oleylamine in benzyl ether solvent were used to prepare nano-sized Fe 3 O 4 with an average particle size of around 8-10 nm through our previously reported results [58]. For more detail, the reflux and precipitation using ethanol solvent of the above solution were carried out and the solid powder was obtained by removing solvent through centrifugation process.…”

Section: Preparation Of Rhodium-based Heterogenizedmentioning

confidence: 99%

Review of Acetic Acid Synthesis from Various Feedstocks Through Different Catalytic Processes

et al. 2016

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Acetic acid (AA) has been largely used with a wide range of applications such as a raw material for a synthesis of vinyl acetate monomer, cellulose acetate or acetate anhydrate, acetate ester and a solvent for a synthesis of terephthalic acid and so on. The present paper briefly summarizes the commercialized chemical processes with their Rh or Ir-based catalytic systems in a liquid-phase carbonylation reaction such as Monsanto, Cativa and Acetica processes. In addition, some alternative catalytic systems such as heterogeneous catalysts to produce AA by direct oxidation or indirect carbonylation of dimethyl ether through BP-SaaBre process in a gas-phase reaction to solve some problems such as a difficult separation of homogeneous catalysts in a corrosive reaction medium. Some home-made heterogeneous catalysts such as a rhodium incorporated graphitic carbon nitride (Rh-g-C 3 N 4 ) and some heterogenized homogeneous catalysts using the supports of tungsten carbide, iron oxide or graphitic carbon nitride containing rhodium complexes were also introduced for the synthesis of AA through a liquid-phase methanol carbonylation reaction to effectively solve the leaching problem of active rhodium metal as well as to mitigate the separation problem of homogeneous catalysts.

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“…Potassium donates electrons to adjacent iron centers that help to strengthen the Fe–C bonds while weakening the Fe–H bonds, increasing the adsorption of CO and decreasing the adsorption of H 2 , respectively [ 7 , 8 ]. This potassium-iron interaction and the superiority of potassium to other alkali or alkali earth metal promoters have been found to be advantageous in Fisher–Tropsch synthesis [ 9 , 10 , 11 , 12 , 13 ]. In addition, potassium is also used as a promoter with other catalysts (e.g., cobalt-based, aluminum-based, copper-based, manganese-based, etc.)…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For the processes mentioned above, the incipient wetness impregnation method (IWIM) is often used to create catalysts by doping their surfaces with potassium. Potassium hydroxide (KOH) [ 16 ], or potassium salts of carbonate [ 11 ], bicarbonate [ 20 ], nitrate [ 21 ], and acetate [ 22 ], have been used to prepare potassium-doped catalysts by IWIM. Although a few different calcination temperatures at low potassium loadings have been explored [ 9 , 14 , 19 ], there has been no systematic study varying simultaneously both the potassium content and the temperature of calcination to generate the catalysts of interest.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chemical State of Potassium on the Surface of Iron Oxides: Effects of Potassium Precursor Concentration and Calcination Temperature

et al. 2022

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Potassium is used extensively as a promoter with iron catalysts in Fisher–Tropsch synthesis, water–gas shift reactions, steam reforming, and alcohol synthesis. In this paper, the identification of potassium chemical states on the surface of iron catalysts is studied to improve our understanding of the catalytic system. Herein, potassium-doped iron oxide (α-Fe2O3) nanomaterials are synthesized under variable calcination temperatures (400–800 °C) using an incipient wetness impregnation method. The synthesis also varies the content of potassium nitrate deposited on superfine iron oxide with a diameter of 3 nm (Nanocat®) to reach atomic ratios of 100 Fe:x K (x = 0–5). The structure, composition, and properties of the synthesized materials are investigated by X-ray diffraction, differential scanning calorimetry, thermogravimetric analysis, Fourier-transform infrared, Raman spectroscopy, inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectroscopy, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, as well as transmission electron microscopy, with energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy and selected area electron diffraction. The hematite phase of iron oxide retains its structure up to 700 °C without forming any new mixed phase. For compositions as high as 100 Fe:5 K, potassium nitrate remains stable up to 400 °C, but at 500 °C, it starts to decompose into nitrites and, at only 800 °C, it completely decomposes to potassium oxide (K2O) and a mixed phase, K2Fe22O34. The doping of potassium nitrate on the surface of α-Fe2O3 provides a new material with potential applications in Fisher–Tropsch catalysis, photocatalysis, and photoelectrochemical processes.

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Fischer–Tropsch synthesis on potassium-modified Fe3O4 nanoparticles

Cited by 11 publications

References 29 publications

Conversion of CO₂, CO, and H₂ in CO₂ Hydrogenation to Fungible Liquid Fuels on Fe-Based Catalysts

Conversion of CO₂, CO, and H₂ in CO₂ Hydrogenation to Fungible Liquid Fuels on Fe-Based Catalysts

Review of Acetic Acid Synthesis from Various Feedstocks Through Different Catalytic Processes

Chemical State of Potassium on the Surface of Iron Oxides: Effects of Potassium Precursor Concentration and Calcination Temperature

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Fischer–Tropsch synthesis on potassium-modified Fe3O4 nanoparticles

Cited by 11 publications

References 29 publications

Conversion of CO2, CO, and H2 in CO2 Hydrogenation to Fungible Liquid Fuels on Fe-Based Catalysts

Conversion of CO2, CO, and H2 in CO2 Hydrogenation to Fungible Liquid Fuels on Fe-Based Catalysts

Review of Acetic Acid Synthesis from Various Feedstocks Through Different Catalytic Processes

Chemical State of Potassium on the Surface of Iron Oxides: Effects of Potassium Precursor Concentration and Calcination Temperature

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Product

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Conversion of CO₂, CO, and H₂ in CO₂ Hydrogenation to Fungible Liquid Fuels on Fe-Based Catalysts

Conversion of CO₂, CO, and H₂ in CO₂ Hydrogenation to Fungible Liquid Fuels on Fe-Based Catalysts