Fish borne Edwardsiella tarda eha involved in the bacterial biofilm formation, hemolytic activity, adhesion capability and pathogenicity

Hassan, Huda A.; Ding, Xueyan; Zhang, Xiaojun; Zhu, Guoqiang

doi:10.1007/s00203-019-01794-x

Cited by 11 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…It is responsible for infections in the fish farming industry, infections which are often associated with poor water quality and warmer temperatures. Furthermore, this bacterium is a risk for zoonoses since it is associated with gastro-intestinal infections in humans [ 20 ]. As for Klebsiella sp., it is a ubiquitous bacterium and is an opportunistic pathogen for humans and other animals, such as farm animals [ 21 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Expansion of the pRAS3 Plasmid Family in Aeromonas salmonicida subsp. salmonicida and Growing Evidence of Interspecies Connections for These Plasmids

et al. 2022

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Aeromonas salmonicida subsp. salmonicida is a pathogenic bacterium responsible for furunculosis in salmonids. Following an outbreak of furunculosis, the infection can be treated with antibiotics, but it is common to observe ineffective treatment due to antibiotic resistance. This bacterium has a wide variety of plasmids responsible for this resistance. Among them, pRAS3 carries a tetracycline resistance gene. Several variants of this plasmid have been discovered over the years (pRAS3-3432 and pRAS3.1 to 3.4). During the present study, two new variants of the plasmid pRAS3 were identified (pRAS3.5 and pRAS3-3759) in strains of A. salmonicida subsp. salmonicida. Plasmid pRAS3-3759, which has been found in many strains from the same region over the past three years, has an additional genetic element identical to one found in pRAS3-3432. This genetic element was also found in Chlamydia suis, a swine pathogen. In this study, we analyzed the bacteria’s resistance to tetracycline, the number of copies of the plasmids, and the growth of the strains that carry five of the pRAS3 variants (pRAS3.3 to 3.5, pRAS3-3432, and pRAS3-3759). The results show no particular trend despite the differences between the plasmids, except for the resistance to tetracycline when analyzed in an isogenic background. Blast analysis also revealed the presence of pRAS3 plasmids in other bacterial species, which suggests that this plasmid family has widely spread. This study once again highlights the ability of A. salmonicida subsp. salmonicida to adapt to furunculosis antibiotic treatments, and the still-growing family of pRAS3 plasmids.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Expansion of the pRAS3 Plasmid Family in Aeromonas salmonicida subsp. salmonicida and Growing Evidence of Interspecies Connections for These Plasmids

et al. 2022

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“…A recent paper introduced that Edwardsiella exist in aquatic environments either as individual planktonic cells or in communal biofilms [ 31 ]. However, biofilm production by Edwardsiella has been only related to its life as a pathogen for vertebrate animals [ 32 , 33 ]. Moreover, E. piscicida and E. tarda have hardly been isolated from surface water in natural environments, and work on this subject is limited.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Monitoring the Starvation–Survival Response of Edwardsiella piscicida and E. tarda in Freshwater Microcosms, at Various Temperatures

Esteve

Alcaide

2022

Microorganisms

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Edwardsiella piscicida is an important fish pathogen responsible for economic losses in global aquaculture, and E. tarda is also a human zoonotic pathogen. In this study, the survival of E. piscicida and E. tarda strains kept in filtered and sterilized lake water microcosms was investigated during a 20-week period at 7 °C, 15 °C and 25 °C, as well as its pathogenicity retention during a starvation period. E. tarda V43.2 stayed culturable for 6 weeks at 7 °C, 9 weeks at 25 °C and 12 weeks at 15 °C. Both E. piscicida strains (V12.1 and V57.2) stayed culturable even longer, for at least 12 weeks at 7 °C, 15 °C and 25 °C under the same starvation conditions. After Edwardsiella cells entered into the VBNC state, some became shorter and ”rounded up,” but others aggregated and retained a short rod shape. Aggregates of Edwardsiella cells were common throughout the VBNC period, and a well-formed biofilm was observed for all tested strains at the end of the experiment. The growth capacity of VBNC cells was restored by cultivating microcosm water samples in LB broth at 28 °C. Resuscitated E. piscicida cells were as virulent for the European eel as the controls. Natural waters can be a reservoir for Edwardsiella, and its underestimation in environmental samples poses a risk to public health and aquaculture.

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“…These regulators may in turn control a subset of downstream genes. For example, Eha that regulates fimA and esrB [ 53 ] and EsrB regulates genes of the T3SS and T6SS [ 56 ]. The third group of genes that affect biofilm formation are those that regulate virulence mechanisms or virulent genes.…”

Section: Edwardsiella As a Free-living Aquatic Bacteriummentioning

confidence: 99%

Versatile lifestyles of Edwardsiella: Free-living, pathogen, and core bacterium of the aquatic resistome

et al. 2021

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Edwardsiella species in aquatic environments exist either as individual planktonic cells or in communal biofilms. These organisms encounter multiple stresses, include changes in salinity, pH, temperature, and nutrients. Pathogenic species such as E. piscicida , can multiply within the fish hosts. Additionally, Edwardsiella species ( E. tarda ), can carry antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) on chromosomes and/or plasmids, that can be transmitted to the microbiome via horizontal gene transfer. E. tarda serves as a core in the aquatic resistome. Edwardsiela uses molecular switches (RpoS and EsrB) to control gene expression for survival in different environments. We speculate that free-living Edwardsiella can transition to host-living and vice versa, using similar molecular switches. Understanding such transitions can help us understand how other similar aquatic bacteria switch from free-living to become pathogens. This knowledge can be used to devise ways to slow down the spread of ARGs and prevent disease outbreaks in aquaculture and clinical settings.

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Fish borne Edwardsiella tarda eha involved in the bacterial biofilm formation, hemolytic activity, adhesion capability and pathogenicity

Cited by 11 publications

References 41 publications

Expansion of the pRAS3 Plasmid Family in Aeromonas salmonicida subsp. salmonicida and Growing Evidence of Interspecies Connections for These Plasmids

Expansion of the pRAS3 Plasmid Family in Aeromonas salmonicida subsp. salmonicida and Growing Evidence of Interspecies Connections for These Plasmids

Monitoring the Starvation–Survival Response of Edwardsiella piscicida and E. tarda in Freshwater Microcosms, at Various Temperatures

Versatile lifestyles of Edwardsiella: Free-living, pathogen, and core bacterium of the aquatic resistome

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