Fish consumption and depressive symptoms in undergraduate students: A cross-sectional analysis

Hamazaki, Kei; Natori, T.; Kurihara, S.; Murata, Norikazu; Cui, Zheng‐Guo; Kigawa, Mika; Morozumi, Ryoko; Inadera, Hidekuni

doi:10.1016/j.eurpsy.2015.09.010

Cited by 14 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…This tendency was lost in the multivariate model or a model including covariates of dietary intake of vitamin D, UV exposure frequency, and living with children. Therefore it is suggested that this was the consequence of confounding effects of less exposure to sunlight and lower dietary consumption of vitamin D among younger populations in Japan[9,30].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In Japan, because fish is a primary component of the traditional diet, the risk of vitamin D deficiency is rarely discussed. However, studies indicate that younger people consume less fish [9–12], and while females appear to be at higher risk of vitamin D deficiency because they tend to avoid direct sunlight exposure to prevent skin-tanning, may be malnourished from maintaining a lean proportion [13]. The importance of monitoring the vitamin D status in Japan has only recently been demonstrated [14,15].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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High frequency of vitamin D deficiency in current pregnant Japanese women associated with UV avoidance and hypo-vitamin D diet

et al. 2019

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Background As a consequence of indoor occupations and reduced exposure to sunlight, concerns have been raised that vitamin D deficiency is widespread in developed countries. Vitamin D is known to be associated with increased risks of morbidity and mortality in various diseases. Objective To investigate the serum vitamin D status and its relation with life-style factors in pregnant Japanese women. Methods Among a cohort for 3,327 pregnant women who participated in an the adjunct study of the Japan Environment and Children's Study during 2011–2013, in which data were obtained on various life-style factors, including both dietary intake of vitamin D and frequency of UV exposure, this study consisted of 1,592 pregnant women, from whom 2,030 serum samples were drawn in Jan, Apr, Jul, and Oct, and the association between serum 25(OH)D level and life-style factors were analyzed using linear mixed models. Results Serum 25(OH)D levels were less than 20ng/mL in 1,486 of 2,030 samples (73.2%). There was an obvious seasonal change, with serum 25(OH)D levels of less than 20 ng/mL in 89.8% and 47.8% of samples in spring (April) and autumn (October), respectively. Both the frequency spent under sunlight and dietary intake of vitamin D were significantly associated with serum 25(OH)D level. An increase in sunlight exposure of more than 15 min for 1 to 2 days per week in non-winter, or dietary intake of 2 μg/day of vitamin D resulted in an elevation of 1 ng/mL in serum 25(OH)D levels. Conclusion These findings indicate that vitamin D deficiency is very severe in Japanese pregnant women, especially those rarely exposed to sunlight. The benefits of UV rays should also be informed of when its risk is alerted, and clinicians should propose the adequate UV exposure level.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

High frequency of vitamin D deficiency in current pregnant Japanese women associated with UV avoidance and hypo-vitamin D diet

et al. 2019

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“…In addition to prospective studies, many cross‐sectional studies examined the association between fish consumption or omega‐3 fatty acid intake and depression (Albanese et al, ; Barberger‐Gateau et al, ; Beydoun et al, ; Bountziouka et al, ; Chrysohoou et al, ; Daley, Patterson, Sibbritt, & MacDonald‐Wicks, ; Hamazaki et al, ; Hoffmire, Block, Thevenet‐Morrison, & van Wijngaarden, ; Jacka et al, ; Kamphuis et al, ; Kesse‐Guyot et al, ; Mihrshahi et al, ; Murakami et al, ; Suominen‐Taipale et al, ; Supartini, Oishi, & Yagi, ; Tanskanen et al, ; Timonen et al, ; Wu et al, ; Yang & Je, ). Most of the studies reported significant inverse associations between fish consumption and depression (Barberger‐Gateau et al, ; Bountziouka et al, ; Chrysohoou et al, ; Hamazaki et al, ; Supartini et al, ; Suominen‐Taipale et al, ; Tanskanen et al, ; Timonen et al, ; Wu et al, ), and some of the studies showed strong inverse associations, suggesting more than 50% decreased prevalence of depression for people with high fish consumption (Albanese et al, ; Chrysohoou et al, ; Suominen‐Taipale et al, ; Supartini et al, ; Timonen et al, ). Studies evaluating omega‐3 fatty acid intake and depression also mostly found significant or nonsignificant inverse associations between omega‐3 fatty acid intake and the prevalence of depression (Beydoun et al, ; Hoffmire et al, ; Kamphuis et al, ; Kesse‐Guyot et al, ; Murakami et al, ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fish consumption and risk of depression: Epidemiological evidence from prospective studies

Yang

Kim

2018

Asia-Pacific Psychiatry

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Introduction The evidence on the association of fish or omega‐3 fatty acid intake with depression is inconsistent. We conducted a systematic review and meta‐analysis of prospective cohort studies to examine this association. Methods Database searches in PubMed and Web of Science were conducted to identify relevant articles published up to April 2018, which were supplemented by hand‐searches of reference lists of the retrieved articles. Using a random‐effects model, we calculated pooled relative risks (RR) of depression in relation to consumption of fish or omega‐3 fatty acids after adjusting for potential confounders. Results A total of 10 prospective cohort studies with 6672 cases of depression among 109 764 participants were included in the meta‐analysis. The pooled adjusted RR of depression for the highest vs lowest category of fish consumption was 0.89 (95% CI: 0.80‐0.99). The pooled adjusted RR of depression for the highest vs lowest category of omega‐3 intake was 0.87 (95% CI: 0.74‐1.04). In the dose‐response analysis, the pooled adjusted RRs for an increment of 1 serving/week of fish consumption and 500 mg/day of omega‐3 fatty acid intake were 0.89 (95% CI: 0.75‐1.04) and 0.99 (95% CI: 0.94‐1.04), respectively. There was no evidence of heterogeneity. Discussion Our findings provide quantitative evidence for a modest inverse association between fish or omega‐3 fatty acid intake and risk of depression, especially in women. These findings from the observational studies need to be confirmed through large randomized clinical trials of fish consumption or omega‐3 fatty acid intake and risk of depression.

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“…The criterion validity of the CES-D scale has been well established in Western ( 48 ) and Japanese ( 47 ) subjects. Because of a previously demonstrated over-rating of symptoms by the Japanese ( 49 , 50 ) , particularly younger people ( 51 , 52 ) , prevalent cases of depressive symptoms were defined as having a CES-D score of ≥23 ( 49 ) for young women and ≥19 ( 49 ) for middle-aged women, rather than a widely used cutoff point of ≥16 ( 47 , 48 ) . The use of the cutoff points ≥16 for both age groups, ≥19 for young women and ≥23 for middle-aged women did not change the conclusion on the association between the diet quality score and depressive symptoms (data not shown).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Food-based diet quality score in relation to depressive symptoms in young and middle-aged Japanese women

et al. 2017

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Only a few studies have focused on the association between overall diet, rather than intakes of individual nutrients or foods, and depressive symptoms in Japanese. This cross-sectional study examined associations between a diet quality score and depressive symptoms in 3963 young (age 18 years) and 3833 middle-aged (mean age 47·9 (sd 4·2) years) Japanese women. Dietary information was collected using a diet history questionnaire. A previously developed diet quality score was computed mainly based on the Japanese Food Guide Spinning Top. The prevalence of depressive symptoms was 22·0 % for young women and 16·8 % for middle-aged women, assessed as a Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression (CES-D) score ≥23 and ≥19, respectively. As expected, the diet quality score was associated positively with intakes of 'grain dishes', 'vegetable dishes', 'fish and meat dishes', 'milk' and 'fruits' and inversely with intakes of energy from 'snacks, confection and beverages' and Na from seasonings. After adjustment for potential confounders, OR for depressive symptoms in the highest v. lowest quintiles of the diet quality score was 0·65 (95 % CI 0·50, 0·84) in young women (P for trend=0·0005). In middle-aged women, the corresponding value was 0·59 (95 % CI 0·45, 0·78) (P for trend<0·0001). Analyses where the diet quality and CES-D scores were treated as continuous variables also showed inverse associations. In conclusion, this cross-sectional study showed that a higher diet quality score was associated with a lower prevalence of depressive symptoms in young and middle-aged Japanese women. Prospective studies are needed to confirm a public health relevance of this finding.

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Fish consumption and depressive symptoms in undergraduate students: A cross-sectional analysis

Abstract: Frequent fish consumption in undergraduate students seems to moderate depressive symptoms. Further research is warranted to clarify the causality.

Cited by 14 publications

References 39 publications

High frequency of vitamin D deficiency in current pregnant Japanese women associated with UV avoidance and hypo-vitamin D diet

High frequency of vitamin D deficiency in current pregnant Japanese women associated with UV avoidance and hypo-vitamin D diet

Fish consumption and risk of depression: Epidemiological evidence from prospective studies

Food-based diet quality score in relation to depressive symptoms in young and middle-aged Japanese women

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