Fish Protein Hydrolysate from Sulfated Polysaccharides Extraction Residue of Tuna Processing By‐Products with Bioactive and Functional Properties

Abstract

However, these by-products are a great source to extract bioactive compounds including protein hydrolysates, sulfated polysaccharide, EPA, and DHA with numerous bioactive properties such as antioxidant, antibacterial, antihypertensive, angiotensin I-converting enzyme inhibitory. [3] To extract these natural products from fish by-products, many strategies have been developed in recent years, such as enzyme-assisted extraction, ultrasonicassisted extraction, microwave-assisted extraction, accelerated solvent extraction, pressurized water extraction, and ultrahigh-pressure extraction. [1,2] For instance, the first goal of an enzymatic hydrolysis method is to obtain high-quality protein fragments called hydrolysate with functional properties, but enzymatic hydrolysis under optimized conditions can generate protein hydrolysates with bioactive properties. [3] However, more recently the enzymatic hydrolysis process has been used for the destruction of connections between protein-polysaccharides for extraction of sulfated polysaccharides from fish by-products. This initial enzymatic hydrolysis step is then followed with the ethanol or cetylpyridinium chloride (CPC) induced precipitation to recover the extracted polysaccharides as precipitate. [4] Consequently, after polysaccharides precipitation which normally encompasses a very small portion of marine biomass, a huge volume of ethanol or CPC remains and is discarded while it still contains hydrolyzed proteins that could be recovered from the ethanol phase. This will provide a unique opportunity for parallel extraction of polysaccharides and protein hydrolysate from fish products. Co-extraction of these two products can increase the overall profitability of the process by increasing product diversity and revenue. It also enables more efficient utilization of marine resources by taking care of side streams. In this context, Abdollahi et al. [5] developed a biorefinery concept for sequential recovery of collagen and collagen hydrolysate from the sediment residue created during pH-shiftbased protein isolation from silver carp (Hypophthalmichthys molitrix). However, as far as we know, parallel extraction of protein hydrolysates from waste streams generated during the extraction of sulfated polysaccharides from fish processing byproducts has not been documented.In addition, depending on their origin and extraction process, fish protein hydrolysates (FPH) with various nutritional The ethanol-induced precipitation after enzymatic hydrolysis commonly used for sulfated polysaccharide extraction from marine resources wastes a large amount of proteins. Here, possible extraction of fish protein hydrolysates (FPH) from the ethanol residue of sulfated polysaccharide precipitation from head, bone, and skin of skipjack tuna is investigated. Antioxidant, antibacterial, angiotensin I-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitory activities and functional properties of the recovered FPHs are also evaluated. A degree of hydrolysis of 40.93, 38.13, and 37.23 is achieved for FPH from head, bone, and ski...

The Effects of Unconventional Feed Fermentation on Intestinal Oxidative Stress in Animals

“…Aquatic product processing by-products are the by-products produced during the processing of fish, shrimp, shellfish, and other aquatic products [ 52 ], including fish bones [ 53 ], fish skins, shrimp shells, etc. [ 54 ]. These by-products are rich in nutrients, such as proteins, fats, minerals, etc., and have high nutritional value.…”