Fishing access agreements and harvesting decisions of host and distant water fishing nations

Nichols, Rachel; Yamazaki, Satoshi; Jennings, Sarah; Watson, Reg

doi:10.1016/j.marpol.2014.12.019

Cited by 15 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…Where possible reflagged fleets are corrected to their likely true identity as this relates to access rights assumed in the mapping process. As most marine resources are in the shallower inshore areas now claimed by coastal countries as their Exclusive Economic Zones (EEZ), the fishing access of fleets is an important part of mapping global fishing and is a major part of the resource management 21 .…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A database of global marine commercial, small-scale, illegal and unreported fisheries catch 1950–2014

2017

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Global fisheries landings data from a range of public sources was harmonised and mapped to 30-min spatial cells based on the distribution of the reported taxa and the fishing fleets involved. This data was extended to include the associated fishing gear used, as well as estimates of illegal, unregulated and unreported catch (IUU) and discards at sea. Expressed as catch rates, these results also separated small-scale fisheries from other fishing operations. The dataset covers 1950 to 2014 inclusive. Mapped catch allows study of the impacts of fisheries on habitats and fauna, on overlap with the diets of marine birds and mammals, and on the related use of fuels and release of greenhouse gases. The fine-scale spatial data can be aggregated to the exclusive economic zone claims of countries and will allow study of the value of landed marine products to their economies and food security, and to those of their trading partners.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A database of global marine commercial, small-scale, illegal and unreported fisheries catch 1950–2014

2017

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“…1 ) ( 11 ), rather the large yields can be explained by the relatively small population size. These findings add to concerns about agreements to fish in low- and middle-income nations ( 11 , 28 , 29 ), highlighting that such agreements reduce nations’ ability to direct their own food production toward citizens experiencing nutritional insecurity.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 65%

Trade and foreign fishing mediate global marine nutrient supply

Nash

MacNeil

Blanchard

et al. 2022

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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Significance The world produces enough food to nourish the global population, but inequitable distribution of food means many people remain at risk for undernutrition. Attainment of Sustainable Development Goal 2 relies on greater attention to distribution processes that match food qualities with dietary deficiencies. We explore this in the context of fisheries. Foreign fishing and international trade divert nutrients caught in marine fisheries from nutrient-insecure toward nutrient-secure nations. Where nutrient-insecure countries do benefit from foreign fishing and trade, there tends to be high vulnerability to future changes in nutrient flows arising from changes to foreign fishing and trade. This research highlights the need for greater transparency around distribution of fish and for nutrition security to be considered more centrally in development of trade agreements.

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“…While the Malagasy government signs fishing agreements with foreign countries, these licensing deals lack transparency and have caused conflict between Malagasy fishers and Ministry representatives in the past. Equity issues loom large with regards to predatory fishing agreements between wealthy DWFN and economically poor yet resource rich countries like Madagascar (Gagern & van den Bergh, 2013; Nichols et al, 2015). For example, Le Manach et al 2012 analyzed fishing agreements between the European Union (EU) and Madagascar since 1986 and found that while EU quotas increased by 30% over time, Madagascar’s financial benefit from these agreements decreased by 90%.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Distant water industrial fishing in developing countries: A case study of Madagascar

White

Baker-Médard

Vakhitova

et al. 2021

Preprint

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As industrial vessels continue to expand in both extractive capacity and spatial range, concerns have grown over foreign industrial fishing occurring within the marine territories of developing countries, both legally and illegally. Madagascar's status as a "least developed country", coupled with its high marine biodiversity, makes its waters particularly susceptible to fishing by distant water fishing nations (DWFNs). However, given constraints in management and research, it is unclear how foreign industrial fishing may impact local resources and biodiversity that many coastal communities depend on for food security, cultural meaning and livelihoods. We used satellite-derived fishing effort data from 2012-2020, via Global Fishing Watch, to analyze industrial fishing effort occurring within Madagascar's Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ). We documented 907,643 hours of industrial fishing within the Madagascar EEZ across 277 vessels from 17 different countries. We found that Taiwanese vessels using drifting longlines, with a focus on tuna, and Malagasy shrimp trawlers were the most prevalent. Fishing effort was highly seasonal and increased with higher global fish prices and the Indian Ocean Dipole. We also found a number of instances of foreign fishing vessels operating close to shore and within a number of marine protected areas. These results highlight the need for increased transparency surrounding foreign fishing agreements and unauthorized fishing within the waters of developing countries. Increases in industrial fishing effort and encroachment into near-shore areas has the potential to severely threaten current sustainable fisheries management initiatives by conservation organizations and coastal communities.

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Fishing access agreements and harvesting decisions of host and distant water fishing nations

Cited by 15 publications

References 31 publications

A database of global marine commercial, small-scale, illegal and unreported fisheries catch 1950–2014

A database of global marine commercial, small-scale, illegal and unreported fisheries catch 1950–2014

Trade and foreign fishing mediate global marine nutrient supply

Distant water industrial fishing in developing countries: A case study of Madagascar

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