Fishing for neuroendocrine tumors

Gaudenzi, Germano; Carra, Silvia; Dicitore, Alessandra; Cantone, Maria Celeste; Persani, Luca; Mantovani, Giovanna

doi:10.1530/erc-19-0437

Cited by 14 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 101 publications

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“…Zebrafish, other than mouse models, also seem very promising, due to the conservation of NET-related genes and neuroendocrine systems between zebrafish and humans, hence the possibility of studying, in an easily manageable, transplantable model, tumor progression, tumor microenvironment, or even therapeutic response, overcoming the heterogeneity of NETs [ 106 , 107 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Insights into Mechanisms of Tumorigenesis in Neuroendocrine Neoplasms

Pastorino

Grillo

Albertelli

et al. 2021

IJMS

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Genomic studies have identified some of the most relevant genetic players in Neuroendocrine Neoplasm (NEN) tumorigenesis. However, we are still far from being able to draw a model that encompasses their heterogeneity, elucidates the different biological effects consequent to the identified molecular events, or incorporates extensive knowledge of molecular biomarkers and therapeutic targets. Here, we reviewed recent insights in NEN tumorigenesis from selected basic research studies on animal models, highlighting novel players in the intergenic cooperation and peculiar mechanisms including splicing dysregulation, chromatin stability, or cell dedifferentiation. Furthermore, models of tumorigenesis based on composite interactions other than a linear progression of events are proposed, exemplified by the involvement in NEN tumorigenesis of genes regulating complex functions, such as MEN1 or DAXX. Although limited by interspecies differences, animal models have proved helpful for the more in-depth study of every facet of tumorigenesis, showing that the identification of driver mutations is only one of the many necessary steps and that other mechanisms are worth investigating.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Insights into Mechanisms of Tumorigenesis in Neuroendocrine Neoplasms

Pastorino

Grillo

Albertelli

et al. 2021

IJMS

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“…Interestingly, PDXs from other NET types (e.g., pituitary) have been successfully generated in zebrafish [355,356]. In such models, stained primary cells or tumorspheres generated from post-surgical patient NETs are injected into the sub-peridermal cavity of zebrafish embryos [357,358].…”

Section: Referencementioning

confidence: 99%

Pancreatic Neuroendocrine Tumors: Molecular Mechanisms and Therapeutic Targets

Maharjan

Ear

Tran

et al. 2021

Cancers

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Pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (pNETs) are unique, slow-growing malignancies whose molecular pathogenesis is incompletely understood. With rising incidence of pNETs over the last four decades, larger and more comprehensive ‘omic’ analyses of patient tumors have led to a clearer picture of the pNET genomic landscape and transcriptional profiles for both primary and metastatic lesions. In pNET patients with advanced disease, those insights have guided the use of targeted therapies that inhibit activated mTOR and receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) pathways or stimulate somatostatin receptor signaling. Such treatments have significantly benefited patients, but intrinsic or acquired drug resistance in the tumors remains a major problem that leaves few to no effective treatment options for advanced cases. This demands a better understanding of essential molecular and biological events underlying pNET growth, metastasis, and drug resistance. This review examines the known molecular alterations associated with pNET pathogenesis, identifying which changes may be drivers of the disease and, as such, relevant therapeutic targets. We also highlight areas that warrant further investigation at the biological level and discuss available model systems for pNET research. The paucity of pNET models has hampered research efforts over the years, although recently developed cell line, animal, patient-derived xenograft, and patient-derived organoid models have significantly expanded the available platforms for pNET investigations. Advancements in pNET research and understanding are expected to guide improved patient treatments.

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“…The study of tumour angiogenesis is also possible, due to its vascular embryonic system. Techniques such as fluorescence microscopy in transgenic embryos facilitate macroscopic and microscopic observation of the entire angiogenesis process (52)(53)(54)56).…”

Section: Zebrafish Model In Oncologymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Other studies on zebrafish have allowed tumour development and progression by creating genetic instability and/or epigenetic changes, a common feature in human tumours (52). Genetic instability in zebrafish is possible through reverse genetic approaches to generate loss-of-function phenotypes, such as MOs, targeting induced local lesions in genomes (TILLING), CRISPR/Ca9 system and transcription activator-like effector nucleases (TALENs) (8,53,(56)(57)(58). The characterization of mutant and transgenic zebrafish lines allowed identifying chemical inhibitors of mutant phenotypes using chemical suppressor screens.…”

Section: Zebrafish Model In Oncologymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Alterações Genotóxicas, Citotóxicas E Mutagênicas: Um Conteúdo a Ser Ilustrado E Trabalhado No Ensino Médio

Brito¹,

Chagas²,

Messias³

et al. 2021

A Genética E a Construção De Novos Paradigmas Nas Ciências Da Vida

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Direitos para esta edição cedidos à Atena Editora pelos autores. Todo o conteúdo deste livro está licenciado sob uma Licença de Atribuição Creative Commons. Atribuição-Não-Comercial-NãoDerivativos 4.0 Internacional (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0). O conteúdo dos artigos e seus dados em sua forma, correção e confiabilidade são de responsabilidade exclusiva dos autores, inclusive não representam necessariamente a posição oficial da Atena Editora. Permitido o download da obra e o compartilhamento desde que sejam atribuídos créditos aos autores, mas sem a possibilidade de alterá-la de nenhuma forma ou utilizá-la para fins comerciais. Todos os manuscritos foram previamente submetidos à avaliação cega pelos pares, membros do Conselho Editorial desta Editora, tendo sido aprovados para a publicação com base em critérios de neutralidade e imparcialidade acadêmica. A Atena Editora é comprometida em garantir a integridade editorial em todas as etapas do processo de publicação, evitando plágio, dados ou resultados fraudulentos e impedindo que interesses financeiros comprometam os padrões éticos da publicação. Situações suspeitas de má conduta científica serão investigadas sob o mais alto padrão de rigor acadêmico e ético.

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Fishing for neuroendocrine tumors

Cited by 14 publications

References 101 publications

Insights into Mechanisms of Tumorigenesis in Neuroendocrine Neoplasms

Insights into Mechanisms of Tumorigenesis in Neuroendocrine Neoplasms

Pancreatic Neuroendocrine Tumors: Molecular Mechanisms and Therapeutic Targets

Alterações Genotóxicas, Citotóxicas E Mutagênicas: Um Conteúdo a Ser Ilustrado E Trabalhado No Ensino Médio

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