Fission of Crypts in the Small Intestine of the Irradiated Mouse

Cairnie, A. B.; Millen, Brandie

doi:10.1111/j.1365-2184.1975.tb01219.x

Cited by 66 publications

(61 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…The clustering of likestaining crypts could represent the results of (crypt) budding and fission (27). Such a process occurs following ulceration or radiation damage (28,29) but in this case would have to occur in nondamaged epithelium, in a proximal-to-distal gradient, and at an extraordinarily high rate.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Use of transgenic mice to infer the biological properties of small intestinal stem cells and to examine the lineage relationships of their descendants.

Roth

Hermiston

Gordon

1991

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Use of transgenic mice to infer the biological properties of small intestinal stem cells and to examine the lineage relationships of their descendants.

Roth

Hermiston

Gordon

1991

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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“…It is thought to be by a process known as crypt fission, where crypts undergo basal bifurcation followed by longitudinal division, with the ultimate formation of two daughter crypts. This process is thought to be central to the massive increase in crypt number (in both the small and large intestine) in the post-natal period [26] and in the regenerative phase following radiation [27]. In most instances crypt fission occurs in a symmetrical fashion -an indentation in the base of the crypt continues along the longitudinal axis of the crypt with the ultimate production of two similar crypts.…”

Section: Niche Succession and Crypt Fissionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Intestinal stem cells

et al. 2005

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The intestinal tract has a rapid epithelial cell turnover, which continues throughout life. The process is regulated and maintained by a population of stem cells, which give rise to all the intestinal epithelial cell lineages. Studies in both the mouse and the human show that these cells are capable of forming clonal crypt populations. Stem cells remain hard to identify, however it is thought that they reside in a 'niche' towards the base of the crypt and their activity is regulated by the paracrine secretion of growth factors and cytokines from surrounding mesenchymal cells. Stem cell division is usually asymmetric with the formation of an identical daughter stem cell and committed progenitor cells. Progenitor cells retain the ability to divide until they terminally differentiate. Occasional symmetric division produces either 2 daughter cells with stem cell loss, or 2 stem cells and eventual clone dominance. This stochastic extinction of stem cell lines with eventual dominance of one cell line is called 'niche succession'. The discovery of plasticity, the ability of stem cells to engraft into, and in some cases replace the function of damaged host tissues has generated a large amount of scientific and clinical interest: however the concept remains controversial and is still a subject of hot debate. Studies are beginning to identify the complex molecular, genetic and cellular pathways underlying stem cell function such as Wnt signalling, bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) and Notch/Delta pathways. The derangement of these pathways within stem cells plays an integral part in the development of malignancy within the intestinal tract.

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“…Where two epithelial types abut, this situation provides an opportunity for competition to occupy the space, not simply in terms of cell division rate but in terms of the relative propensity of the two tissues to generate new proliferative units. This process has not been much studied, although it is known that the number of proliferative units, such as gastric glands or intestinal crypts, does increase by budding in both normal growth and conditions of regeneration [33,34].…”

Section: Signals and Transcription Factor Combinations In Developmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Metaplasia and somatic cell reprogramming

Slack

2008

The Journal of Pathology

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No conflicts of interest were declared. AbstractThe nature and occurrence of metaplasia is briefly reviewed. A theory of how metaplasia is initiated is presented, depending on the idea that it represents an alteration in the combination of developmental transcription factors that are expressed. Two examples of experimental metaplasia, provoked by over-expression of specific transcription factors, are presented: the transformation of B lymphocytes to macrophages, and of pancreatic exocrine cells to hepatocytes. The formation of induced pluripotential stem cells (iPS cells) is considered an example of the same process, in which the destination state is the embryonic stem cell. It is noted that iPS cell production is a stochastic process, depending on selection to obtain the desired cell type. It is proposed that analogous technology, using the appropriate transcription factors, could be used to bring about transformation to cell types other than embryonic stem cells.

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Fission of Crypts in the Small Intestine of the Irradiated Mouse

Cited by 66 publications

References 7 publications

Use of transgenic mice to infer the biological properties of small intestinal stem cells and to examine the lineage relationships of their descendants.

Use of transgenic mice to infer the biological properties of small intestinal stem cells and to examine the lineage relationships of their descendants.

Intestinal stem cells

Metaplasia and somatic cell reprogramming

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