Fit of the Continents around the Atlantic

Bullard, E. C.

doi:10.1126/science.148.3670.664

Cited by 187 publications

(268 citation statements)

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“…It was not until 1970 that Alfred Wegener's classic Pangea reconstruction could be quantitatively defined by combining a least-squares computer fit of the circumAtlantic continents (BULLARD, EVERETT and SMITH, 1965) with a fit of the southern continents (SMITH and HALLAM, 1970).…”

Section: Historical Outlinementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although this result depended partly on the development of electronic computers, none of the earlier workers who drew continental reconstructions --for example ARGAND (1924), CAREY (1958), DV TOIT (1987), KING (1950) and WEGENER (1912) --used Euler's theorem to quantify their results. Euler's theorem provides the key to the problem of describing mathematically how continents may be repositioned relative to one another on the Earth's surface in past time.…”

Section: Historical Outlinementioning

confidence: 99%

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Phanerozoic equal-area maps

Smith¹

1981

Geol Rundsch

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Zusammenfassung 15 Paare von pal~ioglobalen Karten werden hier nach einer Lambertschen flSchengetreuen Projektion mit Hilfe eines Rechnerprogrammes dargestellt. Der Zeitabschnitt umfal3t in 40 Mill. Jahres-Sehritten die letzten 560 Mill. Jahre seit dem Kambrium. AbstractThis paper outlines a method used to make paleocontinental maps and outlines its limitations. 15 pairs of new Lambert equal-area paleocontinental maps are presented, drawn at 40 Ma intervals from the present-day back to 560 Ma (early Cambrian time). R6sum6Ce travail d6finit la m6thode utilis6e pour dresser des cartes pal6ocontinentales, ainsi que ses limitations. --15 paires de cartes pal6oeontinentales sont pr6sent6es, dessin6es /t des intervalles de 40 M. a. depuis l'6poque actuelle jusqu'a 560 M. a. (d6but du Cambrien). KpaTEoeco~ep~t~aHHe OnHcaH MeTO~, IIpHMeHHIOII~Hi~cH /~JIH COCTaBJIeHHH IIaJIeOKOHTHHeHTaJIbHI~IX I~apT, a Ta~me ero BOSMO>KHOCTH. IIpe~araeTcH 15 HOBI~IX ~apT O/[HOH H TOm me o5~aCT~, OXBaT~.IBamL~X nepHo~ OT cero~aamHero n~a ~o paHnero ~eMSpaa, T,e. 560 M~aHOHOB neT, npz~e~ ~am~a. aa HI~X COOTBeTCTByeT npHMepHo 40 MH~JIHOHaM .rleT.

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Section: Historical Outlinementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Historical Outlinementioning

confidence: 99%

Phanerozoic equal-area maps

Smith¹

1981

Geol Rundsch

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“…This implies that an angular velocity vector originating at the centre of the Earth can describe motions of plates. BULLARD et al (1965) first applied this parameterization of the Euler's theorem to plate tectonics as a means of quantifying and evaluating the WEGENER's (1927) postulated fit of the eastern margin of South America to the western margin of Africa. Since then, subsequent elaboration of plate tectonics included derivation of rotation poles and angles and rates to describe plate reconstructions of magnetic anomalies (VINE 1966), transform fault azimuths, earthquake slip vectors and spreading rates at mid-ocean ridges (MINSTER and JORDAN 1978), hotspots (e.g., DEMETS et al 1990;GRIPP and GORDON 1990) and lastly, space geodesy data (SELLA et al 2002).…”

Section: Introduction and Mathematical Formulationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Defining Geodetic Reference Frame using Matlab®: PlatEMotion 2.0

Cannavò

Palano

2015

Pure Appl. Geophys.

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We describe the main features of the developed software tool, namely PlatE-Motion 2.0 (PEM2), which allows inferring the Euler pole parameters by inverting the observed velocities at a set of sites located on a rigid block (inverse problem). PEM2 allows also calculating the expected velocity value for any point located on the Earth providing an Euler pole (direct problem). PEM2 is the updated version of a previous software tool initially developed for easy-to-use file exchange with the GAMIT/ GLOBK software package. The software tool is developed in Matlab Ò framework and, as the previous version, includes a set of MATLAB functions (m-files), GUIs (fig-files), map data files (matfiles) and user's manual as well as some example input files. New changes in PEM2 include (1) some bugs fixed, (2) improvements in the code, (3) improvements in statistical analysis, (4) new input/ output file formats. In addition, PEM2 can be now run under the majority of operating systems. The tool is open source and freely available for the scientific community.

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“…Unfortunately the edge of the continental crust as we now know it does not coincide at all closely with a single bathymetric contour and is generally far seaward of the 500 m contour chosen by Bullard et al (1965). In addition to trying to fit the real outlines of continental crust on both sides of the Atlantic, geophysicists have also attempted to match specific features within the continental crust.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…From the earliest days of speculation about continental drift, continuity between the Appalachians and Caledonides had been hypothesized, but only in 1965 did Bullard et al (1965) attempt to demonstrate physically the degree of fit by matching specified bathymetric contours from each side of the Atlantic. Unfortunately the edge of the continental crust as we now know it does not coincide at all closely with a single bathymetric contour and is generally far seaward of the 500 m contour chosen by Bullard et al (1965).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Geophysical framework and the Appalachian-Caledonide connection

Haworth

Hipkin

Jacobi

et al. 1988

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Summary Gravity and magnetic data from the Appalachian-Caledonide area demonstrate the overall continuity of the orogen while identifying its segmentation into areas of contrasting structural style. The extension of this segmentation into ‘drift’-covered areas (e.g. the southern U.S.A.) and offshore areas (e.g. around Newfoundland and the British Isles) provides an orogen-wide framework into which structural detail established at outcrop can be accommodated. Linear gravity and magnetic anomalies often reflect contrasts within the Precambrian basement that have controlled tectonic events to the present. Such basement structure has been investigated by deep seismic profiling, which has also identified large-scale thrusting throughout the Appalachians and the Caledonides with some thrusts even extending into the upper mantle. Speculation to greater depths based on conductivity and P-wave travel-time residuals suggests that traces of the early Palaeozoic collision zone may still exist in the lower crust and upper mantle beneath the northern Appalachians. The loading imposed by thrust sheets during that collision produced foreland basins in the eastern USA whose form and sedimentary record indicate the magnitude and duration of thrusting. Palaeomagnetic results suggest transcurrent movement in Devonian-Carboniferous time, but the early Palaeozoic collisional choreography has not yet been uniquely defined.

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Fit of the Continents around the Atlantic

Cited by 187 publications

References 0 publications

Phanerozoic equal-area maps

Phanerozoic equal-area maps

Defining Geodetic Reference Frame using Matlab®: PlatEMotion 2.0

Geophysical framework and the Appalachian-Caledonide connection

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