Fitness costs of resistance to <i>Bacillus thuringiensis</i> in the Indianmeal moth, <i>Plodia interpunctella</i>

Oppert, Brenda; Hammel, R.R.; Throne, James E.; Kramer, Karl J.

doi:10.1046/j.1570-7458.2000.00707.x

Cited by 50 publications

(40 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…entomocidus, strain HD198 (15). The resistant colony is ϳ100 times less sensitive to this particular subspecies of Bt than the parent colony (16). Several explanations have been provided for this difference, including proteinase deficiencies, decreased toxin binding affinity, and a reduction in the number of toxin receptors (14,17).…”

Section: Molecular and Cellular Proteomics 2:19 -28 2003mentioning

confidence: 99%

Insect Resistance to Bacillus thuringiensis

Candas

Loseva

Oppert

et al. 2003

Molecular & Cellular Proteomics

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107

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Insect resistance to the Cry toxins of Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) has been examined previously using a number of traditional biochemical and molecular techniques. In this study, we utilized a proteomic approach involving twodimensional differential gel electrophoresis, mass spectrometry, and function-based activity profiling to examine changes in the gut proteins from the larvae of an Indianmeal moth (IMM, Plodia interpunctella) colony exhibiting resistance to Bt. We found a number of changes in the levels of certain specific midgut proteins that indicate increased glutathione utilization, elevation in oxidative metabolism, and differential maintenance of energy balance within the midgut epithelial cells of the Bt-resistant IMM larva. Additionally, the electrophoretic migration pattern of a low molecular mass acidic protein, which apparently is an ortholog of F 1 F 0 -ATPase, was considerably altered in the Bt-resistant insect indicating that variations in amino acid content or modifications of certain proteins also are important components of the resistance phenomenon in the IMM. Furthermore, there was a dramatic decrease in the level of chymotrypsin-like proteinase in the midgut of the Bt-resistant larva, signifying that reduction of chymotrypsin activity, and subsequently decreased activation of Cry toxin in the insect midgut, is an important factor in the resistant state of the IMM. The proteomic analysis of larval gut proteins utilized in this study provides a useful approach for consolidating protein changes and physiological events associated with insect resistance to Bt. Our results support the hypothesis that physiological adaptation of insects and resistance to Bt is multifaceted, including protein modification and changes in the synthesis of specific larval gut proteins. We believe that increased oxidative metabolism may be an adaptive response of insects that undergo survival challenge and that it could mediate detoxification as well as higher rates of generalized and localized mutations that enhance their resistance and provide survival advantage.

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Section: Molecular and Cellular Proteomics 2:19 -28 2003mentioning

confidence: 99%

Insect Resistance to Bacillus thuringiensis

Candas

Loseva

Oppert

et al. 2003

Molecular & Cellular Proteomics

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107

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“…Indeed, if resistance entails a fitness cost, the spread of a recessive allele could be prevented by an appropriate resistance management strategy (Lenormand and Raymond, 1998;Carrière and Tabashnik, 2001;Carrière et al, 2004;Bates et al, 2005). Although fitness costs associated with Bt resistance were not always detected (eg Gould and Anderson, 1991;Tang et al 1997), they have been reported in many pests (Groeters et al, 1994;Trisyono and Whalon, 1997;Alyokhin and Ferro, 1999;Oppert et al, 2000;Carrière et al, 2001a, b;Akhurst et al, 2003;Janmaat and Myers, 2003;Higginson et al, 2005. Bird and Akhurst (2004 showed that, in H. armigera, most fitness costs associated with Bt resistance (eg a lower percentage of survival or a longer mean time to pupation) are recessive.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Frequency and fitness cost of resistance to Bacillus thuringiensis in Chrysomela tremulae (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae)

Al¹,

Bourguet

et al. 2006

Heredity

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The 'high dose-refuge' (HDR) strategy is commonly recommended and currently used for delaying or preventing pest adaptation to transgenic plants producing Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) toxins. The efficiency of this strategy depends, among other factors, on the initial frequency of Bt resistance alleles and on the fitness costs associated with these alleles. Two years ago, an allele conferring resistance to Bt poplar was detected in a French population of the poplar pest Chrysomela tremulae F. Although this pest had never been subjected to Bt selection pressure due to human activities, the frequency of this allele was estimated at 0.0037, with a 95% credible (CI) interval of 0.00045-0.0080. We investigated the frequency of this allele in a second sample of C. tremulae collected more than 500 km from the site of the initial population. The estimated frequency in this sample was 0.0113 (95% CI 0.0031-0.0247), reinforcing the conclusion that resistance to Bt plants may be present at detectable frequencies in pest populations before selection resulting from pest management by humans. The frequency of the Bt resistance allele over the two samples was 0.0049 (95% CI 0.0020-0.0091). We also followed five laboratory lines in which the frequency of this allele was initially fixed at 0.500. After five generations maintained on non-Bt poplar leaves, the frequency of this allele decreased in all lines, whereas allelic frequencies at a neutral locus were unaffected. Thus, the Bt resistance allele detected in French populations of C. tremulae is probably associated with a fitness cost.

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“…Some authors have failed to reveal any detrimental effects of insecticide resistance (Follett et al, 1993;Tang et al, 1997Tang et al, , 1999Baker et al, 1998) and some have shown such organisms to be even more successful than their susceptible counterparts in the absence of insecticides (Omer et al, 1992;Bloch and Wool, 1994;White and Bell, 1995;Mason, 1998;Haubruge and Arnaud, 2001). In other studies, some measures of fitness have been negatively affected, others positively (Brewer and Trumble, 1991) and different strains of insect, exhibiting resistance to the same compound, can show opposite associations (Chevillon et al, 1997;Hollingsworth et al, 1997;Oppert et al, 2000).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analogous pleiotropic effects of insecticide resistance genotypes in peach–potato aphids and houseflies

et al. 2003

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We show that single-point mutations conferring target-site resistance (kdr) to pyrethroids and DDT in aphids and houseflies, and gene amplification conferring metabolic resistance (carboxylesterase) to organophosphates and carbamates in aphids, can have deleterious pleiotropic effects on fitness. Behavioural studies on peach-potato aphids showed that a reduced response to alarm pheromone was associated with both gene amplification and the kdr target-site mutation. In this species, gene amplification was also associated with a decreased propensity to move from senescing leaves to fresh leaves at low temperature. Housefly genotypes possessing the identical kdr mutation were also shown to exhibit behavioural differences in comparison with susceptible insects. In this species, resistant individuals showed no positional preference along a temperature gradient while susceptible genotypes exhibited a strong preference for warmer temperatures.

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Fitness costs of resistance to Bacillus thuringiensis in the Indianmeal moth, Plodia interpunctella

Cited by 50 publications

References 25 publications

Insect Resistance to Bacillus thuringiensis

Insect Resistance to Bacillus thuringiensis

Frequency and fitness cost of resistance to Bacillus thuringiensis in Chrysomela tremulae (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae)

Analogous pleiotropic effects of insecticide resistance genotypes in peach–potato aphids and houseflies

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