Fitness traits and underlying genetic variation related to host plant specialization in the aphid <i>Sitobion avenae</i>

Gao, Suxia; Liu, Deguang; Chen, Hui; Meng, Xiuxiang

doi:10.1111/1744-7917.12085

Cited by 31 publications

(43 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…Several studies characterized key life-history traits (e.g., developmental times and fecundity) of S. avenae clones on wheat, barley and oat [25], [28]–[31]. In our previous study, we compared barley clones to oat clones from Shaanxi province, and found that barley and oat clones differentiated significantly in life-history traits, heritabilities of those traits, and the extent of specialization on a particular host plant; however, divergent selection on both host plants did not result in the formation of highly specialized clones or host races [23]. Therefore, differential adaptation of S. avenae clones to barley or oat in our previous study might result from their phenotypic plasticity.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 93%

“…Aphids’ success in a wide diversity of ecosystems is partially attributed to their broad phenotypic plasticity in color, wing production and reproduction, although many of them are specialized on particular host plants [22]–[23]. The cotton aphid ( Aphis gossypii Glover) or black bean aphid ( Aphis fabae ) was shown to be plastic in morphology [20], insecticide susceptibility [24], host choice behavior [21] or life-history traits (e.g., developmental times) [4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Genetic Basis and Selection for Life-History Trait Plasticity on Alternative Host Plants for the Cereal Aphid Sitobion avenae

2014

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Sitobion avenae (F.) can survive on various plants in the Poaceae, which may select for highly plastic genotypes. But phenotypic plasticity was often thought to be non-genetic, and of little evolutionary significance historically, and many problems related to adaptive plasticity, its genetic basis and natural selection for plasticity have not been well documented. To address these questions, clones of S. avenae were collected from three plants, and their phenotypic plasticity under alternative environments was evaluated. Our results demonstrated that nearly all tested life-history traits showed significant plastic changes for certain S. avenae clones with the total developmental time of nymphs and fecundity tending to have relatively higher plasticity for most clones. Overall, the level of plasticity for S. avenae clones’ life-history traits was unexpectedly low. The factor ‘clone’ alone explained 27.7–62.3% of the total variance for trait plasticities. The heritability of plasticity was shown to be significant in nearly all the cases. Many significant genetic correlations were found between trait plasticities with a majority of them being positive. Therefore, it is evident that life-history trait plasticity involved was genetically based. There was a high degree of variation in selection coefficients for life-history trait plasticity of different S. avenae clones. Phenotypic plasticity for barley clones, but not for oat or wheat clones, was frequently found to be under significant selection. The directional selection of alternative environments appeared to act to decrease the plasticity of S. avenae clones in most cases. G-matrix comparisons showed significant differences between S. avenae clones, as well as quite a few negative covariances (i.e., trade-offs) between trait plasticities. Genetic basis and evolutionary significance of life-history trait plasticity were discussed.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic Basis and Selection for Life-History Trait Plasticity on Alternative Host Plants for the Cereal Aphid Sitobion avenae

2014

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“…This is not unexpected because some S . avenae clones have shown certain degree of specialization on wheat, barley or oat in our previous studies [28–29]. It will be interesting to explore the impact of different behavioral phenotypes on adaptation (or specialization) of S .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…avenae clones were reared on the wheat cultivar Aikang 58 (i.e., the original environment) in common laboratory conditions for at least three generations before the initiation of the experiment. This is also a common practice to minimize or eliminate confounding effects from different original environments (e.g., different wheat cultivars and variable microclimates) [29]. …”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As a worldwide cereal pest, the English grain aphid [ Sitobion avenae (Fabricius)] survives on many plants in the Poaceae and shows a certain degree of specialization on some cereals (i.e., wheat, barley and oat) [27–29]. A few studies have showed modified feeding behaviors (e.g., increased time of xylem sap ingestion and reduced duration of phloem sap ingestion) of S .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Probing behaviors and their plasticity for the aphid Sitobion avenae on three alternative host plants

et al. 2018

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Insects may develop different behavioral phenotypes in response to heterogeneous environments (e.g., host plants), but the plasticity of their feeding behaviors has been rarely explored. In order to address the issue, clones of the English grain aphid, Sitobion avenae (Fabricius), were collected from wheat, and their probing behaviors were recorded on three plants. Our results demonstrated that S. avenae individuals on the alternative plants (i.e., barley and oat) tended to have higher frequency of non-probing (Np), increased duration of the pathway phase, increased phloem salivation, and decreased phloem ingestion (E2), compared to those on the source plant (i.e., wheat), showing the resistance of barley and oat to this aphid’s feeding. This aphid showed apparently high extents of plasticity for all test probing behaviors on barley or oat. Positive selection for higher extents of plasticity in E2 duration was identified on barley and oat. The factor ‘clone’ alone explained 30.6% to 70.1% of the total variance for each behavioral plasticity, suggesting that the divergence of probing behavior plasticity in S. avenae had a genetic basis. This aphid’s fitness correlated positively with the plasticity of Np frequency and E2 frequency. Some behaviors and their corresponding plasticities (e.g., the frequency of xylem ingestion and its plasticity) were found to be correlated characters, probably reflecting the limits for the evolution of higher extents of behavioral plasticity in this aphid. The differential probing behaviors and their plasticity in S. avenae can have significant implications for the adaptation and management of aphids on different plants.

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Effects of a presumably protective endosymbiont on life‐history characters and their plasticity for its host aphid on three plants

Liu

Zhang

et al. 2018

Ecology and Evolution

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Hamiltonella defensa is well known for its protective roles against parasitoids for its aphid hosts, but its functional roles in insect‐plant interactions are less understood. Thus, the impact of H. defensa infections on life‐history characters and the underlying genetic variation for the grain aphid, Sitobion avenae (Fabricius), was explored on three plants (i.e., wheat, oat, and rye). Compared to cured lines, H. defensa infected lines of S. avenae had lower fecundity on wheat and oat, but not on rye, suggesting an infection cost for the aphid on susceptible host plants. However, when tested on rye, the infected lines showed a shorter developmental time for the nymphal stage than corresponding cured lines, showing some benefit for S. avenae carrying the endosymbiont on resistant host plants. The infection of H. defensa altered genetic variation underlying its host S. avenea’s life‐history characters, which was shown by differences in heritabilities and genetic correlations of life‐history characters between S. avenae lines infected and cured of the endosymbiont. This was further substantiated by disparity in G‐matrices of their life‐history characters for the two types of aphid lines. The G‐matrices for life‐history characters of aphid lines infected with and cured of H. defensa were significantly different from each other on rye, but not on oat, suggesting strong plant‐dependent effects. The developmental durations of infected S. avenae lines showed a lower plasticity compared with those of corresponding cured lines, and this could mean higher adaptability for the infected lines.Overall, our results showed novel functional roles of a common secondary endosymbiont (i.e., H. defensa) in plant‐insect interactions, and its infections could have significant consequences for the evolutionary ecology of its host insect populations in nature.

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Fitness traits and underlying genetic variation related to host plant specialization in the aphid Sitobion avenae

Cited by 31 publications

References 34 publications

Genetic Basis and Selection for Life-History Trait Plasticity on Alternative Host Plants for the Cereal Aphid Sitobion avenae

Genetic Basis and Selection for Life-History Trait Plasticity on Alternative Host Plants for the Cereal Aphid Sitobion avenae

Probing behaviors and their plasticity for the aphid Sitobion avenae on three alternative host plants

Effects of a presumably protective endosymbiont on life‐history characters and their plasticity for its host aphid on three plants

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