Fitting Germplasm Types of Tall Fescue and Orchardgrass to Different Cropping Environments of the Mediterranean Region

Pecetti, L.; Annicchiarico, Paolo; Porqueddu, C.; Khedim, A.; Abdelguerfi, A.

doi:10.2135/cropsci2009.06.0333

Cited by 15 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…Crossover GL interaction was sizeable for some cultivars, but the wide‐adaptation response exhibited by Flecha suggests that the selection of germplasm adapted to a fairly wide range of drought stress levels can be a feasible target for Mediterranean tall fescue. This finding contrasts with evidence for Mediterranean germplasm of cocksfoot, in which selection for specific adaptation to high or low drought stress is justified by the much wider extent of GL interaction (Pecetti et al. 2009).…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 94%

Response of Mediterranean Tall Fescue Cultivars to Contrasting Agricultural Environments and Implications for Selection

Pecetti

Annicchiarico

Abdelguerfi

et al. 2011

Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science

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Extensive livestock is a basic socio‐economic feature of the Mediterranean region whose environmental and economic sustainability depends on the ability of forage resources to withstand climatically stressful conditions. Perennial forages such as tall fescue can be a valuable alternative to annuals, if they can survive across successive summer droughts. Three‐year dry matter yield and plant survival of five cultivars of Mediterranean‐type tall fescue were evaluated in six sites of Algeria, France, Italy, Morocco and Portugal, with the following objectives: (i) modelling adaptive responses and targeting cultivars as a function of environmental factors associated with genotype × location interaction; and (ii) defining plant ideotypes, adaptation strategies and opportunities for international co‐operation for regional breeding programmes. Site mean yield and winter temperatures were positively correlated, whereas sward persistence was positively correlated to lower site heat and drought stress. Cultivar adaptation was adequately modelled by factorial regression as a function of site spring–summer (April–September) drought stress (long‐term potential evapotranspiration minus actual water available) for yield, and annual drought stress for final persistence. Specific‐adaptation responses to high‐ or low‐stress environments emerged which were consistent with drought‐stress levels of cultivar selection environments. However, the wide‐adaptation response of cultivar Flecha suggested that breeding for wide adaptation can be feasible.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 94%

Response of Mediterranean Tall Fescue Cultivars to Contrasting Agricultural Environments and Implications for Selection

Pecetti

Annicchiarico

Abdelguerfi

et al. 2011

Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science

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“…Perennial forages such as tall fescue or cocksfoot can be a valuable alternative to annuals, if they can survive across successive summer droughts. Although most of the temperate origin cultivars available on the market are not drought persistent in Mediterranean areas ), a few cultivars with summer dormancy (Volaire and Norton, 2006) can tolerate severe successive droughts and survive in environments with annual rainfall as low as 300 mm Pecetti et al, 2009Pecetti et al, , 2011. Under chronic water shortages, perennial forage species have a number of advantages in comparison to the predominantly used annual species including (i) fewer inputs with less field preparation and fertilizer requirement, (ii) year-around soil cover reducing the risk of intense soil erosion, (iii) optimal use of water throughout all seasons, thus enhancing forage production in particular in autumn when cereals and annual species are not yet established and (iv) greater flexibility because of the multiple uses of these species (grazing, hay, silage).…”

Section: å Ergon Et Al European Journal Of Agronomy 92 (2018) 97-106mentioning

confidence: 99%

How can forage production in Nordic and Mediterranean Europe adapt to the challenges and opportunities arising from climate change?

Ergon

Seddaiu

Korhonen

et al. 2018

European Journal of Agronomy

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Climate change and its eﬀects on grassland productivity vary across Europe. The Mediterranean and Nordic regions represent the opposite ends of a gradient of changes in temperature and precipitation patterns, with increasingly warmer and wetter winters in the north and increasingly warmer and drier summers in the south. Warming and elevated concentration of atmospheric CO2 may boost forage production in the Nordic region. Production in many Mediterranean areas is likely to become even more challenged by drought in the future, but elevated CO2 can to some extent alleviate drought limitation on photosynthesis and growth. In both regions, climate change will aﬀect forage quality and lead to modiﬁcations of the annual productivity cycles, with an extended growing season in the Nordic region and a shift towards winter in the Mediterranean region. This will require adaptations in defoliation and fertilization strategies. The identity of species and mixtures with optimal performance is likelyto shift somewhat inresponse to altered climate and management systems. Itis argued that breeding of grassland species should aimto (i) improve plantstrategies to cope with relevant abiotic stresses and (ii) optimize growth and phenology to new seasonal variation, and that plant diversity at all levels is a good adaptation strategy

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“…Summer dormancy is a trait which has evolved primarily for enhancing plant survival and is expressed by some of the cool-season perennial grasses mainly originating in semi-arid and arid Mediterranean climates where the summer-dry period typically lasts 4 months or more (Cooper 1963). Recent research has demonstrated this trait to be very powerful in improving survival over long and intense dry spells in the field with a suite of papers demonstrating the utility of the trait in cocksfoot and tall fescue in the Mediterranean Basin (Volaire 2002;Volaire et al 2005;Norton et al 2006a;Norton et al 2006b;Shaimi et al 2009;Pecetti et al 2009;Annicchiarico et al 2011), southern USA (Malinowski et al 2005;Malinowski et al 2009) and southeastern Australia (Culvenor and Boschma 2005;Norton et al 2001;Hackney et al 2006;Hayes et al 2010a).…”

Section: Summer Dormancy To Improve Survival Of Extended Extreme Dromentioning

confidence: 99%

Plant drought survival under climate change and strategies to improve perennial grasses. A review

Norton¹,

Malinowski²,

Volaire

2016

Agron. Sustain. Dev.

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The three cool-season perennial forage grasses cocksfoot/orchardgrass, Dactylis glomerata L., tall fescue, Festuca arundinacea Schreb. syn. Lolium arundinaceum (Schreb.) Darbysh., and phalaris/harding grass, Phalaris aquatica L., are of major economic and ecological importance in regions with summer-dry environments. This review considers the constraints that these species are likely to experience under current and predicted increase of droughts due to climate change scenarios in south-eastern Australia, the southern Great Plains of USA and the Western Mediterranean Basin. The review identifies research required to maximise the development and use of C3 cool-season grasses with enhanced resilience to drought while considering the concern of some regulators that these grasses may be potential weeds. The state of knowledge of factors influencing plant drought survival and therefore recovery after stress and long-term persistence is discussed in the light of adaptive strategies. The major research needs identified to enhance traits conferring drought survival include (1) increasing the depth and density of grass root systems to strengthen dehydration avoidance; (2) exploring the biochemical, molecular and hydraulic bases of dehydration tolerance and improving techniques to measure this trait; (3) breaking the trade-off between summer dormancy and forage yield potential and improving understanding of environmental, biochemical and genetic controls over summer dormancy; (4) identifying non-toxic endophyte strains compatible with summer-dormant cultivars of tall fescue to enhance drought survival; and (5) enhancing seed production capability of new cultivars as well as the development of agronomic management packages for promoting stable mixtures combining perennial grasses and legumes. The weed potential of newly introduced summer-dormant cultivars is concluded to be minor. The research directions proposed here should improve pasture grass resilience and forage crop sustainability in Mediterranean and temperate summer-dry environments under the future drier and warmer conditions associated with climate change.

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Fitting Germplasm Types of Tall Fescue and Orchardgrass to Different Cropping Environments of the Mediterranean Region

Cited by 15 publications

References 14 publications

Response of Mediterranean Tall Fescue Cultivars to Contrasting Agricultural Environments and Implications for Selection

Response of Mediterranean Tall Fescue Cultivars to Contrasting Agricultural Environments and Implications for Selection

How can forage production in Nordic and Mediterranean Europe adapt to the challenges and opportunities arising from climate change?

Plant drought survival under climate change and strategies to improve perennial grasses. A review

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