Five Popular Study Strategies: Their Pitfalls and Optimal Implementations

Miyatsu, Toshiya; Nguyen, Khuyen; McDaniel, Mark A.

doi:10.1177/1745691617710510

Cited by 97 publications

(129 citation statements)

References 155 publications

(239 reference statements)

Supporting

Mentioning

111

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Interconnection People also tend to be more interested in material that connects with other material they already know in part, but not thoroughly (Berlyne 1960;Hidi and Renninger 2006;Tobias 1994). Hence, an excellent study strategy is Bbridging^: thinking about how new material connects to other materials one already knows (Miyatsu et al 2018). BAdvance organizers^like outlines also serve this function by giving people concepts on which to anchor new information (Mayer 2008).…”

Section: Self-determinationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Shunned and Admired: Montessori, Self-Determination, and a Case for Radical School Reform

Lillard

2019

Educ Psychol Rev

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

School reform is an important national and international concern. The Montessori alternative school system is unique in that it is well-aligned with the science of healthy development and learning, has strong social-emotional and academic outcomes, is virtually unchanged in over a century, can be applied across all the school years, and still attracts considerable attention and allegiance-yet it remains Bon the margins^(Whitescarver and Cossentino Teachers College Record, 110, 2571-2600, 2008) of the bulwark educational system, as often shunned as admired. Why does Montessori persist (and increasingly in the public sector) and why does it elicit such sharply contrasting reactions? This article reviews several reasons why it is admired, such as evidence of Montessori's effectiveness, its alignment with educational psychology research, and its broad scope. The points of research alignment are presented as natural corollaries of Montessori's central premise: independence, or self-determination. After discussing these extrinsic and intrinsic reasons why Montessori is admired, the article concludes with speculation as to why it is also shunned-namely its incommensurability with conventional education culture and what might be a consequence: frequent poor implementation. The incommensurability of evidence-based alternatives with the conventional system is also posed as a reason for radical school reform. Keywords Education. Alternative schooling. Human development. Self-determination My vision of the future is no longer of people taking exams and proceeding from [one level of school to the next], but of individuals passing from one stage of independence to a higher [one], by means of their own activity [and…] will, which constitutes the inner evolution of the individual. (Montessori 1948a, p. xv)

show abstract

Section: Self-determinationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Shunned and Admired: Montessori, Self-Determination, and a Case for Radical School Reform

Lillard

2019

Educ Psychol Rev

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Note that the study-restudy control is a fairly robust control group, as rereading is a common learning strategy among students and serves as a more active comparison than a study-nothing group. 14 People in studytest groups consistently perform better on subsequent tasks, even without feedback on performance during the test phase (effect size, d50.67). 15 The benefits of testing are even larger for longer retention intervals (,1 day, d50.58; .1 day, d50.78).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Using Testing as a Learning Tool

Yang

Razo

Persky

2019

American Journal of Pharmaceutical Education

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Objective. The purpose of this review is to discuss some principles from cognitive psychology regarding the benefits of testing and translate those findings into practical applications for instruction and studying. Findings. Testing or retrieval practice is superior to re-study for promoting long-term retention. The benefits of testing can be see with open-ended responses (eg, cued or free recall) and multiple choice questions. The use of multiple-choice questions during testing may have an additional benefit as it may stabilize information that is stored in memory but temporarily inaccessible due to disuse (eg, marginal knowledge). Summary. Testing can have multiple learning benefits. We emphasize that incorporating opportunities for retrieval after teaching is an essential component of lasting learning. In addition, retrieval practice can be incorporated in all aspects of instruction.

show abstract

“…Students generally perform best on exams when they space their studying across many days (e.g., Dempster & Farris, ; Gillen‐O'Neel, Huynh, & Fuligni, ). Few students, however, engage in spaced learning; instead, most students tend to “cram” right before exams or other deadlines (Miyatsu, Nguyen, & McDaniel, ). One consequence of procrastination and cramming is that students may restrict sleep with the intention of studying more.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The 8–Hour Challenge: Incentivizing Sleep during End–of–Term Assessments

King

Scullin

2019

Journal of Interior Design

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Sleep is critical to physical health, mental well-being, attention, and creativity. During the week of final exams, however, fewer than 10% of undergraduate students maintain the recommended average of 8 hours/night (or even the recommended minimum of 7 hours/night). For students completing multifaceted projects in studio-based majors (e.g., interior design, architecture, graphic design, studio art), anecdotal and questionnaire data suggest that the end-of-semester reduction in sleep duration may be even worse. One potential solution is to offer students an incentive to maintain healthy sleep durations. We offered interior design students, who were enrolled in a freshman-level graphics studio course, an optional extra credit incentive to maintain optimal sleep durations for five nights leading up to the due date of their final project. If participants maintained an average sleep duration of ≥8.0 hours for five nights, they would earn extra credit. By contrast, if they slept an average of 7.0-7.9 hours, there would be no grade change, and if they slept an average of ≤6.9 hours, they were instructed that they would lose points (no points were actually deducted). Of the 27 students enrolled in the course, 22 students attempted the challenge (81.5%), and we monitored their sleep duration objectively using wristband actigraphy devices. We compared their sleep duration to that of a group of 22 nonincentivized students enrolled in the same program. In the nonincentivized comparison group, very few students averaged 8 hours (9%) or even 7 hours (14%) of sleep per night. In dramatic contrast, the 8-hour challenge increased the percentage of 8-and 7-hour sleepers to 59% and 86%, respectively. Participants who took the 8-hour challenge slept an average of 98 minutes more each night than nonincentivized students and 82 minutes more than they self-reported to sleeping during the semester. The substantial increase in nightly sleep duration did not come at a cost to project performance. Individuals who opted in to the sleep challenge performed as well on the final project as students who did not opt in, and students who showed more consistent sleep (i.e., fewer nights of poor sleep followed by rebound sleep) performed better than students who showed inconsistent sleep. Thus, even during highly stressful "deadline" weeks, students can maintain healthy sleeping patterns without exacting a cost on their project performance.Despite an abundance of data that confirm the importance of sleep to cognition and health, many students continue to engage in irregular and restricted sleep. Such poor sleep habits are JOURNAL OF INTERIOR DESIGN 85

show abstract

Five Popular Study Strategies: Their Pitfalls and Optimal Implementations

Cited by 97 publications

References 155 publications

Shunned and Admired: Montessori, Self-Determination, and a Case for Radical School Reform

Shunned and Admired: Montessori, Self-Determination, and a Case for Radical School Reform

Using Testing as a Learning Tool

The 8–Hour Challenge: Incentivizing Sleep during End–of–Term Assessments

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About