Five questions on ecological speciation addressed with individual‐based simulations

Thibert-Plante, Xavier; Hendry, Andrew P.

doi:10.1111/j.1420-9101.2008.01627.x

Cited by 85 publications

(128 citation statements)

References 67 publications

(102 reference statements)

Supporting

Mentioning

118

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…This adaptive divergence may have generated selection on both divergent habitat preference and/or reproductive timing that can lead to IBE patterns observed in our study (Rundle and Nosil, 2005). Theoretical studies have indeed shown that IBE can result from strong selection in the whole or in large parts of the genome, especially when assortative mating mechanisms occur (mate choice, differences in reproductive timing or habitat choice; Thibert-Plante and Hendry, 2009, 2011. In addition to geographical distance, such a divergence in habitat preference and reproductive timing may in turn constrain the gene flow among populations along the gradient and contribute to the maintenance of local adaptation (IBA; Nosil et al, 2005).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 61%

Phenotypic divergence of the common toad (Bufo bufo) along an altitudinal gradient: evidence for local adaptation

et al. 2014

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Variation in the environment can induce different patterns of genetic and phenotypic differentiation among populations. Both neutral processes and selection can influence phenotypic differentiation. Altitudinal phenotypic variation is of particular interest in disentangling the interplay between neutral processes and selection in the dynamics of local adaptation processes but remains little explored. We conducted a common garden experiment to study the phenotypic divergence in larval life-history traits among nine populations of the common toad (Bufo bufo) along an altitudinal gradient in France. We further used correlation among population pairwise estimates of quantitative trait (Q ST ) and neutral genetic divergence (F ST from neutral microsatellite markers), as well as altitudinal difference, to estimate the relative role of divergent selection and neutral genetic processes in phenotypic divergence. We provided evidence for a neutral genetic differentiation resulting from both isolation by distance and difference in altitude. We found evidence for phenotypic divergence along the altitudinal gradient (faster development, lower growth rate and smaller metamorphic size). The correlation between pairwise Q ST s-F ST s and altitude differences suggested that this phenotypic differentiation was most likely driven by altitude-mediated selection rather than by neutral genetic processes. Moreover, we found different divergence patterns for larval traits, suggesting that different selective agents may act on these traits and/or selection on one trait may constrain the evolution on another through genetic correlation. Our study highlighted the need to design more integrative studies on the common toad to unravel the underlying processes of phenotypic divergence and its selective agents in the context of environmental clines.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 61%

Phenotypic divergence of the common toad (Bufo bufo) along an altitudinal gradient: evidence for local adaptation

et al. 2014

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Such local adaptation could impede gene flow between the northern and southern regions occupied by R. damarensis (Gillam & McCracken, 2007; Rundle & Nosil, 2005) through several processes including selection against migrants (Hendry, 2004; Thibert‐Plante & Hendry, 2009) or matching habitat choice (Edelaar, Siepielski, & Clobert, 2008). The latter process is likely if bats, especially at the margins of suitable habitat (e.g., Märcker and Uintjiesberg populations in our study), choose habitats on the basis of maximizing their detection ranges.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Environmental correlates of geographic divergence in a phenotypic trait: A case study using bat echolocation

Maluleke

Jacobs

Winker

2017

Ecology and Evolution

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Divergence in phenotypic traits may arise from the interaction of different evolutionary forces, including different kinds of selection (e.g., ecological), genetic drift, and phenotypic plasticity. Sensory systems play an important role in survival and reproduction, and divergent selection on such systems may result in lineage diversification. Such diversification could be largely influenced by selection in different environments as a result of isolation by environment (IbE). We investigated this process using geographic variation in the resting echolocation frequency of the horseshoe bat species, Rhinolophus damarensis, as a test case. Bats were sampled along a latitudinal gradient ranging from 16°S to 32°S in the arid western half of southern Africa. We measured body size and peak resting frequencies (RF) from handheld individual bats. Three hypotheses for the divergence in RF were tested: (1) James’ Rule, (2) IbE, and (3) genetic drift through isolation by distance (IbD) to isolate the effects of body size, local climatic conditions, and geographic distance, respectively, on the resting frequency of R. damarensis. Our results did not support genetic drift because there was no correlation between RF variation and geographic distance. Our results also did not support James' Rule because there was no significant relationship between (1) geographic distances and RF, (2) body size and RF, or (3) body size and climatic variables. Instead, we found support for IbE in the form of a correlation between RF and both region and annual mean temperature, suggesting that RF variation may be the result of environmental discontinuities. The environmental discontinuities coincided with previously reported genetic divergence. Climatic gradients in conjunction with environmental discontinuities could lead to local adaptation in sensory signals and directed dispersal such that gene flow is restricted, allowing lineages to diverge. However, our study cannot exclude the role of processes like phenotypic plasticity in phenotypic variation.

show abstract

“…Selection for assortative mating results when these subpopulations exchange migrants and matings with maladapted immigrants produce unfit hybrids. The classical scenario is reinforcement after secondary contact following initial divergence during an allopatric phase (e.g., Kirkpatrick, 2000;Mizera & Meszéna, 2003;van Doorn et al, 2009;Thibert-Plante & Hendry, 2009). Such initial divergence, however, does not require allopatry, and can even evolve with random mating across demes (e.g., in a Levene model; Kisdi & Priklopil, 2011).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Three Modes of Adaptive Speciation in Spatially Structured Populations

Rettelbach

Kopp

Dieckmann

et al. 2013

The American Naturalist

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Adaptive speciation with gene flow via the evolution of assortative mating has classically been studied in one of two different scenarios. First, speciation can occur if frequency-dependent competition in sympatry induces disruptive selection, leading to indirect selection for mating with similar phenotypes. Second, if a subpopulation is locally adapted to a specific environment, there is indirect selection against hybridizing with maladapted immigrants. While both of these mechanisms have been modeled many times, the literature lacks models that allow direct comparisons between them. Here, we incorporate both frequency-dependent competition and local adaptation into a single model, and investigate whether and how they interact in driving speciation. We report two main results. First, we show that, individually, the two mechanisms operate under separate conditions, hardly influencing each other when one of them alone is sufficient to drive speciation. Second, we also find that the two mechanisms can operate together, leading to a third speciation mode, in which speciation is initiated by selection against maladapted migrants, but completed by within-deme competition in a distinct second phase. While this third mode bears some similarity to classical reinforcement, it happens considerably faster, and both newly formed species go on to coexist in sympatry.

show abstract

Five questions on ecological speciation addressed with individual‐based simulations

Cited by 85 publications

References 67 publications

Phenotypic divergence of the common toad (Bufo bufo) along an altitudinal gradient: evidence for local adaptation

Phenotypic divergence of the common toad (Bufo bufo) along an altitudinal gradient: evidence for local adaptation

Environmental correlates of geographic divergence in a phenotypic trait: A case study using bat echolocation

Three Modes of Adaptive Speciation in Spatially Structured Populations

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About