Five-year Lidar Observational Results and Effects of El Chichon Particles on Umkehr Ozone Data

Uchino, Osamu; Tabata, Isao; Kai, Kenji; Akita, Iwao

doi:10.2151/jmsj1965.66.4_635

Cited by 5 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…To compute R , we assumed a aerosol extinction‐to‐backscatter ratio (lidar ratio) between 35 and 50 sr according to the balloon‐borne particle size distribution measurements in northern and southern midlatitudes [ Russell et al ., , ; Jäger and Deshler , , ; Deshler et al ., ]. In processing the lidar data over Tsukuba, we used 50 sr for the ruby lidar data from 1982 to 1986 [ Uchino et al ., ]. For the Nd:YAG lidar data we used 50 sr from November 1989 to November 1991, 45 sr for the first half of December 1991, 40 sr for the second half of December 1991, 35 sr from January 1992 to October 1993, and 50 sr thereafter [ Nagai et al ., ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Long-term variation of stratospheric aerosols observed with lidars over Tsukuba, Japan, from 1982 and Lauder, New Zealand, from 1992 to 2015

Sakai

Uchino

Nagai

et al. 2016

J. Geophys. Res. Atmos.

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Vertical distributions of stratospheric aerosols have been measured with lidars over Tsukuba, Japan, since 1982 and Lauder, New Zealand, since 1992 to study the long‐term and seasonal variations and influences of climate change. After volcanic eruptions of El Chichón in 1982 and Mount Pinatubo in 1991, the vertically integrated stratospheric aerosol backscattering coefficient (IBC) increased to over 30 times the minimum level over the two sites. The IBC increased to more than twice the minimum over Tsukuba after volcanic eruptions in the northern high latitudes (Okmok, Kasatochi, and Sarychev) and tropics (Nabro) between 2000 and 2011. Over Lauder, the IBC increased to more than twice the minimum after volcanic eruptions in the southern high latitudes (Puyehue‐Cordón Caulle and Calbuco) and tropics (Kelud) between 2011 and 2015. The IBC showed seasonal variations with higher values in winter than in summer over the two sites. The mean radiative forcing by the stratospheric aerosols during the period 2000–2015 is estimated to be −0.15 ± 0.07 and −0.13 ± 0.06 W m−2 over the two sites, which partially canceled the increase of global mean radiative forcing by CO2.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Long-term variation of stratospheric aerosols observed with lidars over Tsukuba, Japan, from 1982 and Lauder, New Zealand, from 1992 to 2015

Sakai

Uchino

Nagai

et al. 2016

J. Geophys. Res. Atmos.

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“…After the El Chichón volcano erupted on April 1982, we have started the measurement with a ruby lidar at a wavelength of 694.3 nm. It was operated until 1987 when the influence of the El Chichón volcano on the stratospheric aerosols almost ceased [8]. After that time, we have employed Nd:YAG lidar systems operating at a wavelength of 532 nm since 1988.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Long-Term Variation of Stratospheric Aerosols Observed With Lidar from 1982 to 2014 Over Tsukuba, Japan

Sakai

Uchino

Nagai

et al. 2016

EPJ Web of Conferences

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“…3b and 4b. Two years later, n January 1986, the integrated lidar backscattering-coefficient fell to a value of about one third of that during January 1984 (Uchino et al, 1988), hence the optical thickness of the stratospheric aerosols may be, at most, 0.01 during January 1986.…”

Section: Estimation Of the Aerosol Size Distribution (A) Troposphericmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…The enhanced stratospheric aerosol layer after the eruptions of El Chichon in late March and early April 1982 has been monitored by a ruby lidar (*=694.3nm) at Tsukuba (Uchino et al, 1988). The lidar backscattering-coefficient integrated over the stratosphere decreased gradually with time after the large maximum found during December 1982, and by January 1984 it was still about one fifth of the maximum value observed in the 1982-83 winter.…”

Section: Estimation Of the Aerosol Size Distribution (A) Troposphericmentioning

confidence: 99%

Aircraft Measurements of the Radiative Effects of Tropospheric

Asano¹

1989

Journal of the Meteorological Society of Japan

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The size distribution and the complex refractive index of tropospheric aerosols have been retrieved from the simultaneous observations of solar radiation and aerosols described in Part I of this study (Asano and Shiobara, 1989). Three sets of observations over the Tsukuba area have been analyzed, for which the aerosol optical thicknesses were available from ground-based spectral attenuation measurements of direct solar radiation.The bimodal size distribution for tropospheric aerosols was approximated by a composite powerlaw distribution function. The parameters of the distribution function were determined by fitting the function to the columnar size distributions inverted from photometrically measured spectral optical thicknesses. Estimation was made of wavelength-mean effective values of the complex refractive index m*=mr-mii which optimally simulate the observed solar fluxes and heating rates for the total solar spectral region. In the simulated calculations, the observed profiles of aerosols and water vapor were considered. The single scattering properties were computed from Mie theory for the determined size distribution and for a reasonably assumed real part of the index of refraction of mr=1.52. The optimal value of mi=0.03*0.02 was estimated for the imaginary part of the index of refraction of the tropospheric aerosols.

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Five-year Lidar Observational Results and Effects of El Chichon Particles on Umkehr Ozone Data

Cited by 5 publications

References 30 publications

Long-term variation of stratospheric aerosols observed with lidars over Tsukuba, Japan, from 1982 and Lauder, New Zealand, from 1992 to 2015

Long-term variation of stratospheric aerosols observed with lidars over Tsukuba, Japan, from 1982 and Lauder, New Zealand, from 1992 to 2015

Long-Term Variation of Stratospheric Aerosols Observed With Lidar from 1982 to 2014 Over Tsukuba, Japan

Aircraft Measurements of the Radiative Effects of Tropospheric

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