Five-years experiences of the revised national tuberculosis control programme in northern part of Kolkata, India

Abstract

Background:The Revised National Tuberculosis Control programme (RNTCP), India.Aim:To assess the impact of the expansion of the RNTCP in the case detection and treatment outcome.Materials and Methods:Reports of patients with tuberculosis (TB) diagnosed and treated under RNTCP from 2001 to 2005 under Bagbazar TB unit (TU), Kolkata, reviewed retrospectively.Results:Of 2814 cases registered between 2001 and 2005, 1268 were new smear-positive pulmonary TB (PTB), 308 were new smear-negative PTB and 536 were new extrapulmonary TB (EPTB). During that period, the new smear-positive case detection rate increased from 41 to 61 per lakh population, the annual total case detection rate increased from 87 to 142 per lakh and the treatment success rate reduced from 90% to 76%. The default and failure rates increased from 7% to 10% and from 3% to 10%, respectively.Conclusion:A steady increase was observed in the annual total case detection rate and annual new smear-positive case detection rate from 2001 to 2005, but the 3-month conversion rate and cure rate of new smear-positive patients were progressively decreased. Default rate and treatment failure rate of new smear-positive patients were also increased. So it needs extra attention and evaluation of this disappointing treatment outcome.

A study of clinical characteristics and trend of different types of tuberculosis in coastal South India

“…Thus, there is a gradual, but sustained increase in the number of extra pulmonary cases compared to pulmonary cases [Figure 2]. A similar trend was observed in Kolkata with an increase in the new EPTB cases during 2000 to 2005 [6]. In a study of tuberculosis in pediatric age group, majority of the patients treated had EP-TB (63.3%) in the year 2008 in Delhi [8].…”

“…The percentage of smear positive cases varies in different regions of India. [5][6][7] In the present study, nearly one out of five smear positive cases were re-treatment cases. But the sputum positive ratio has decreased in 2010 because of the increasing number of TB suspects being 2005 45 28 20 5 3 4 3 3 12 20 2006 46 21 35 15 0 4 4 6 4 11 2007 48 22 45 9 3 3 11 5 17 17 2008 43 17 58 7 2 0 1 4 16 17 2009 79 23 90 9 3 1 3 3 7 14 2010 61 20 80 8 0 2 8 6 4 3 Total 322 128 328 53 11 14 30 27 59 82 enrolled and treated under the program by gaining the confidence of treating practitioners.…”

Study of Treatment Outcome of Tuberculosis Patients Placed for Treatment Under Directly Observed Therapy Short Course (Dots) at a Tuberculosis Unit, Karad, Western Maharashtra

“…This age old disease is not only a public health problem but also a social and an economic problem for mankind. 1 Tuberculosis is a very ancient disease of mankind; its description has been found in Hippocrates (460-377 BC) observation, the ancient Buddhist and Chinese writing. Even the 500 BC old Egyptian mummies showed the evidence for tuberculosis.…”

“…In 1890, he produced tuberculin, an extract of dead tubercle bacilli, used for a diagnostic test for tuberculosis infection. 1,3 Rifampicin was developed and its important role was confirmed in the therapy for Tuberculosis in 1968. NTCP was launched.…”

“…4 NTCP was reviewed and government of India introduced RNTCP in 1992 with objectives of 85% cure rate and 70% case finding. Since the implementation of RNTCP was done phase wise throughout the country, the case detection and cure rates were found to be improved according to many studies 1 …”