Flame behavior from an opening at different elevations on the facade wall of a fire compartment

Lu, Kaihua; Wang, Zichang; Ding, Yanming; Wang, Jie; Zhang, Yaobi; Delichatsios, Michael; Hu, Longhua

doi:10.1016/j.proci.2020.07.094

Cited by 26 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…For buoyant turbulent diffusion fire, the characteristic length l has 34‐36

l \propto L_{f} \propto {\dot{Q}}^{2 / 5},

where

\overset{Q}{true}

is the heat release rate and is calculated by

\overset{Q}{true} goodbreak= {\dot{m}}_{f} normalΔ H_{c} .

…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Statistical study on soot volume fractions of buoyant turbulent diffusion fires

Gao

et al. 2022

Fire and Materials

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The statistical soot properties of buoyant turbulent diffusion propane fire were experimentally and theoretically studied with different fuel sooting tendencies by nitrogen addition. Results show that nitrogen addition decreases the instantaneous soot volume fraction and increases soot intermittency. The combination of these two factors together leads to a decrease in mean soot volume fraction when nitrogen is added. Both radially integrated and the total soot volume fraction decrease with nitrogen addition. The radially integrated soot volume fraction is found to be a function of fuel concentration. A dimensionless correlation is proposed to predict the total soot volume fraction based on theoretical analysis and in good agreement with the experimental data. The results could provide guidance for predicting soot yield for buoyant turbulent fires.

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“…For buoyant turbulent diffusion fire, the characteristic length l has 34‐36

l \propto L_{f} \propto {\dot{Q}}^{2 / 5},

where

\overset{Q}{true}

is the heat release rate and is calculated by

\overset{Q}{true} goodbreak= {\dot{m}}_{f} normalΔ H_{c} .

…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Statistical study on soot volume fractions of buoyant turbulent diffusion fires

Gao

et al. 2022

Fire and Materials

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“…Frank et al [23] investigated external flame height and incident heat flux on the exterior wall using heptane with different elevations of a wall opening and compared the results with existing correlations developed using a central opening. Lu et al [24] developed new correlations for the external flame height using propane fuel based on the two non-dimensional length scales developed by Lee et al [5]. They also showed that compartment temperature and external flame height increase as the opening moves from the bottom to the middle and decrease when the opening moves from the middle to the top.…”

Section: 5mentioning

confidence: 99%

An Experimental and Modeling Study on the Effect of Wall Opening Location on the Under-Ventilated Compartment Fire

Wang¹,

Park

2022

Sustainability

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An experimental and modeling study was carried out to investigate the effect of wall opening location on the mass flow rates of gases through the opening and the associated fire phenomena, such as compartment temperature, projected flame height through the opening, and the heat release rates inside and outside the compartment. A 0.3 m by 0.3 m opening was placed at three different elevations—bottom, middle, and top—of a narrow end wall of a 0.8 m by 1.2 m by 0.8 m (H) compartment. A propane gas burner was used to provide four different fire sizes in the compartment: 90, 110, 130, and 150 kW. The existing correlations for mass flow rates and heat release rates generally do not include the wall opening location as a variable and are functions of only the opening area and height. Based on the experimental and modeling analysis, it is found that the wall opening location affects the internal and external fire phenomena. Two fundamental factors, K and O, are introduced to explain the effect quantitatively. Factor K is the ratio of the air inflow predicted by Fire Dynamics Simulator (FDS) to the existing correlation (0.5AoHo), and Factor O is the ratio of the oxygen consumption rate in the compartment to the oxygen flow rate into the compartment, indicating combustion efficiency. Factor K ranges from 0.78 to 0.94, and O ranges from 0.67 to 0.85 for different opening locations, which suggests that the existing correlations may overestimate the amount of airflow to and the combustion efficiency within the compartment.

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“…The pool fire occurs when the spilling liquid fuel encounters a fire source or a radiation source. Lu et al 9–11 investigated the pool fire behaviors in both confined and open spaces and correlated mass loss rate of pool fire with previous models. Dlugogorski 12 studied the effect of the initial height from fuel level to top of pool (lip height) on burning rate of the pool fire, finding that the burning rate decreased exponentially with the increase in lip height.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Boiling combustion behaviors and heat feedback of pool fire of diesel fuel–water emulsification

Yang,

Pu,

Zhang

et al. 2023

Process Safety Progress

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In the process of submarine oil exploitation and crude oil shipping, the offshore oil leakage accidents occur frequently. In the process of oil spill weathering on the sea, the oil is potentially mixed with water to form oil–water emulsification. The in situ burning is a low‐pollution and high‐efficiency method to eliminate the spilled oil. Meanwhile, as an alternative fuel, the emulsified diesel fuel has the advantage of energy saving and emission reduction. The combustion behaviors of pool fire of diesel fuel–water emulsifications are experimentally studied using three circular fuel reservoirs (10, 15, 20 cm) and five mass proportions of water (0%, 5%, 10%, 15%, 20%). The unsteady combustion process of emulsified diesel fuel is appreciated based on combustion phenomenon, mass burning rate, and flame length. The effects of pool diameter, ratio of water content, and initial fuel thickness on burning rate and flame length are revealed. The primary heat transfer mode in controlling the combustion behavior is explored according to the coupling factors of physical boundary of fuel reservoir, flame, and wall temperatures. This work is of great significance for understanding the combustion behavior of oil spill on the sea and optimizing the removal scheme of oil spill pollutants.

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Flame behavior from an opening at different elevations on the facade wall of a fire compartment

Cited by 26 publications

References 23 publications

Statistical study on soot volume fractions of buoyant turbulent diffusion fires

Statistical study on soot volume fractions of buoyant turbulent diffusion fires

An Experimental and Modeling Study on the Effect of Wall Opening Location on the Under-Ventilated Compartment Fire

Boiling combustion behaviors and heat feedback of pool fire of diesel fuel–water emulsification

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