Flame retardancy and fire mechanical properties for natural fiber/polymer composite: A review

Ao, Xiang; Vázquez-López, Antonio; Mocerino, Davide; González, Carlos; Wang, De-Yi

doi:10.1016/j.compositesb.2023.111069

Cited by 35 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 131 publications

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“…In addition, DI-0.5 h-15 and DI-5 h-RT can be seen as mechanically stable and thus could play a role in blocking the transfer of flame from one place to another. The lower burning rate and higher burning time, shown in Figure 7, further suggest effective catalyzing of the dehydration process by the acidic samples' complexes in the initial stage, which ultimately speed up char formation and block the spread of the flame, as mentioned in Table 4 [47][48][49]. However, complete extinguishing of the flame could not be obtained for any samples, suggesting that there is still room for further improvement.…”

Section: Thermal and Combustion Analysismentioning

confidence: 92%

Si-N Matrix as an Effective Fire Retardant Source for Cotton Fabric, Prepared through Sol–Gel Process

Rehman,

Khan,

Hwain

et al. 2024

Fire

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In this study, process control factors such as dipping time, heat treatment time and curing conditions were optimized to prepare N-Si network sol–gel-based coatings on a cotton fabric. The dipping time was varied from 14 h to 30 min, the heat treatment time at ~90 °C was varied between no heating conditions to 15 h and the curing was performed at 165 °C. The microstructure of the coating was analyzed using low electron scanning microscopy (LV-SEM), while a compositional study of the coated substrate was carried out using FTIR and EDS techniques. From the thermal and combustion analysis of the coated samples using thermogravimetric and vertical flame test techniques, significant resistance to the degradation process was observed, particularly in the initial stages, in addition to the highest char residue for DI-0.5 h-15~32.93%. Similarly, for DI–5 h–RT, the peak degradation temperature was around ~372 °C, accompanied by a notable char residue of approximately 31.12%. The flame spread and burning rate profile further supported the findings; DI-0.5 h-15 and DI-5 h-RT had the lowest flame spread.

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Section: Thermal and Combustion Analysismentioning

confidence: 92%

Si-N Matrix as an Effective Fire Retardant Source for Cotton Fabric, Prepared through Sol–Gel Process

Rehman,

Khan,

Hwain

et al. 2024

Fire

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“…This will further decrease the mechanical properties of microcellulose fibers-reinforced composites because of poor bonding at the interfacial [ 7 ]. Moreover, MCF is easily carbonized as a filler at high temperatures [ 8 ], which not only triggers thermal decomposition but also reduces its mechanical properties [ 9 ]. On the other hand, the flammability problem must be resolved if MCF composites are to be widely used in the field of battery pack materials for vehicles [ 10 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Amino Silicone Oil-Phosphorylation Hybrid Modification on the Properties of Microcellulose Fibers

Yuan,

Zhang,

et al. 2024

Polymers

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Microcellulose materials are increasingly considered multifunctional candidates for emerging energy applications. Microcellulose fibers (MCF) are a kind of bio-based reinforcement in composites, and their hydrophilic character hinders their wide application in industry. Thus, in the present work, MCF was hybrid-modified by amino silicone oil-phosphorylated to fabricate hydrophobic, thermal stability, and flame-retardant microcellulose fibers for potential application in vehicle engineering. The results showed that the amino silicone oil-phosphorylated (ASOP) hybrid modification could transform the surface property of microcellulose from hydrophilic to hydrophobic and improve the compatibility between MCF and resin matrix. Meanwhile, the ASOP treatment led to the formation of an amino silicone oil film layer on the surface of the microcellulose, which improved the thermal stability of the MCF. Furthermore, the ASOP hybrid modification microcellulose fibers paper (100% microcellulose fibers paper) was transformed from flammable to flame-retardant and showed self-extinguishing behavior after burning under flame for 2 s. The flame-retardant mechanism was attributed to the formation of the char layer in the condensed phase and the production of non-combustible gases in the gaseous phase.

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“…Research confirming the validity of using natural fibers as reinforcement to improve the thermal properties of polymer composites has been documented in numerous industry publications, including studies [ 53 , 54 , 55 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Influence of Urtica dioica and Vitis vinifera Fibers on the Thermal Properties and Flammability of Polylactide Composites

Majka,

Piech,

Piechaczek

et al. 2024

Materials

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This study focuses on examining the influence of bast fibers on the flammability and thermal properties of the polylactide matrix (PLA). For this purpose, Urtica dioica and Vitis vinifera fibers were subjected to two types of modifications: mercerization in NaOH solution (M1 route) and encapsulation in an organic PLA solution (M2 route). In a further step, PLA composites containing 5, 10, and 15 wt% of unmodified and chemically treated fibers were obtained. The results of the tests show that only biocomposites containing mercerized fibers had a nearly 20% reduced flammability compared to that of PLA. Moreover, the biofiller obtained in this way belongs to the group of flame retardants that generate char residue during combustion, which was also confirmed by TGA tests. The M2 modification route allowed to achieve higher mass viscosity than the addition of unmodified and M1-modified fibers. The reason is that fibers additionally encapsulated in a polymer layer impede the mobility of the chain segments. The inferior homogenization of the M2-modified fibers in the PLA matrix translated into a longer combustion time and only a 15% reduction in flammability.

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Flame retardancy and fire mechanical properties for natural fiber/polymer composite: A review

Cited by 35 publications

References 131 publications

Si-N Matrix as an Effective Fire Retardant Source for Cotton Fabric, Prepared through Sol–Gel Process

Si-N Matrix as an Effective Fire Retardant Source for Cotton Fabric, Prepared through Sol–Gel Process

Effect of Amino Silicone Oil-Phosphorylation Hybrid Modification on the Properties of Microcellulose Fibers

The Influence of Urtica dioica and Vitis vinifera Fibers on the Thermal Properties and Flammability of Polylactide Composites

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