Flame-retardant carbon fiber reinforced phthalonitrile composite for high-temperature applications obtained by resin transfer molding

Bulgakov, Boris A.; Сулимов, А. В.; Babkin, Alexander V.; Afanasiev, D. V.; Solopchenko, Alexander V.; Afanaseva, Ekaterina S.; Kepmana, Alexey V.; Avdeeva, Viktor V.

doi:10.1016/j.mencom.2017.05.013

Cited by 39 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…We believe that such counterintuitive observation in this particular system is explained by the fact that vitrification is a very local process and hardly depends on long‐range network structure. It was shown before in that the glass transition in phthalonitrile melts is mainly affected by monomer rigidity and conformational entropy. As soon as we fix the monomer position by linking it to the main gel cluster there is hardly any way to utilize its possible movements and, thus, system vitrification weakly depends on further network details.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 81%

“…Carbon fiber reinforced polymers with common matrices for high‐temperature applications, such as bis‐maleimides and polyimides, are stable up to 300 °C. High‐performance polymer matrices for use at temperatures above 400 °C and capable of retaining their (thermal, chemical, electrical, and mechanical) properties under influence of various destructive factors may be produced from low‐melting phthalonitriles . The usual phthalonitrile monomer consists of two phthalonitrile fragments linked by various aromatic rings.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Crosslinking mechanisms, structure and glass transition in phthalonitrile resins: Insight from computer multiscale simulations and experiments

Guseva

Rudyak

Комаров

et al. 2017

J Polym Sci B Polym Phys

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The influence of crosslinking process on the resulting structural properties of phthalonitrile matrices is studied through theoretical and experimental investigations. Multiscale procedure for generating fully atomistic phthalonitrile networks with simulation of radical polymerization reactions and specific reactions of triazine formation at the mesoscale level is presented and applied to the case of phthalonitrile resin based on low-melting monomer bis(3-(3,4-dicyanophenoxy)phenyl)phenyl phosphate. The structural properties of the generated networks of various conversions and with various amount of triazine are analyzed using the dissipative particle dynamics and atomistic molecular dynamics. Triazine-containing networks are much sparser in comparison with triazine-free ones in terms of simple cycle size. The values of density, coefficients of linear thermal expansion and glass transition temperatures (T g s) agree with obtained experimental data, and are very similar for different crosslinking mechanisms. The dependence of T g on conversion correlates well with the sol-gel transition in network structure.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 81%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Crosslinking mechanisms, structure and glass transition in phthalonitrile resins: Insight from computer multiscale simulations and experiments

Guseva

Rudyak

Комаров

et al. 2017

J Polym Sci B Polym Phys

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“…Fiber-reinforced composite laminates have become more important due to their wide applications in fields from aerospace to energetics [1,2,3]. With the development of science and technology, polymer-based materials have played a vital role in aerospace and marine applications as a result of their ease of processing, high glass-transition temperature, high temperature resistance, excellent mechanical properties, adhesive properties, etc.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thermal Stability of Allyl-Functional Phthalonitriles-Containing Benzoxazine/Bismaleimide Copolymers and Their Improved Mechanical Properties

Lei

Ren

et al. 2018

Polymers

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Copolymerization is the typical method to obtain the high-performance resin composites, due to its universality and regulation performance. It can be employed among various resin matrices with active groups to obtain the desired structures, and subsequently, the outstanding properties. In this work, the copolymerization between the allyl-functional phthalonitrile-containing benzoxazine resin (DABA-Ph) and 4,4′-bis(Maleimidodiphenyl)methane (BMI) were monitored. The interactions among the active groups including allyl moieties, maleimide, benzoxazine rings and nitrile groups were investigated. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and dynamic rheological analysis (DRA) were used to study the curing behaviors and the processing properties. The possible curing processes were proposed and confirmed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). Then, glass fiber-reinforced DABA-Ph/BMI composites were designed, and their thermal-mechanical properties were studied. Results indicated that all the composites exhibited outstanding flexural strength, flexural modulus, and high glass-transition temperatures ( T g > 450 °C). The thermal stability of the composites was studied by thermogravimetry (TGA) and evaluated by the integral program decomposition temperature (IPDT). it is believed that the excellent thermal mechanical properties and outstanding T g as well as good thermal stability would enable the reinforced copolymer-based laminates to be applied in wider fields.

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“…Although there are many papers reporting the synthesis of low-melting phthalonitrile oligomers [4,5,6,7,8,9] and monomers [10,11,12,13,14] suitable for injection molding methods, until recently, only composites manufactured from prepregs by the solution technique have been reported [2,3,15,16,17,18]. The recent study by Kepman’s group resulted in the development of phthalonitrile resins suitable for cost-effective injection methods for CFRP manufacturing [19,20,21]. The reported composites retained mechanical properties at elevated temperatures up to 450 °С [21], and can be already considered as a substitution for aluminum and titanium alloys in such applications as jet engine blades, the skin of hypersonic aircrafts, etc.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dynamic and Static Mechanical Properties of Crosslinked Polymer Matrices: Multiscale Simulations and Experiments

et al. 2018

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We studied the static and dynamic mechanical properties of crosslinked polymer matrices using multiscale simulations and experiments. We continued to develop the multiscale methodology for generating atomistic polymer networks, and applied it to the case of phthalonitrile resin. The mechanical properties of the resulting networks were analyzed using atomistic molecular dynamics (MD) and dissipative particle dynamics (DPD). The Young’s and storage moduli increased with conversion, due both to the appearance of a network of covalent bonds, and to freezing of degrees of freedom and lowering of the glass transition temperature during crosslinking. The simulations’ data showed good quantitative agreement with experimental dynamic mechanical analysis measurements at temperatures below the glass transition. The data obtained in MD and DPD simulations at elevated temperatures were conformable. This makes it possible to use the suggested approach for the prediction of mechanical properties of a broad range of polymer matrices, including ones with high structural heterogeneity.

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Flame-retardant carbon fiber reinforced phthalonitrile composite for high-temperature applications obtained by resin transfer molding

Cited by 39 publications

References 18 publications

Crosslinking mechanisms, structure and glass transition in phthalonitrile resins: Insight from computer multiscale simulations and experiments

Crosslinking mechanisms, structure and glass transition in phthalonitrile resins: Insight from computer multiscale simulations and experiments

Thermal Stability of Allyl-Functional Phthalonitriles-Containing Benzoxazine/Bismaleimide Copolymers and Their Improved Mechanical Properties

Dynamic and Static Mechanical Properties of Crosslinked Polymer Matrices: Multiscale Simulations and Experiments

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