Flame retardant polyphosphate esters: 1. Condensation polymers of bisphenols with aryl phosphorodichloridates: synthesis, characterization and thermal studies

Annakutty, K.S.; Kishore, K.

doi:10.1016/0032-3861(88)90096-1

Cited by 119 publications

(60 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…The high T d in the resulting epoxy resins may be attributed to the high aromatic content of the DOPO. It may also be attributed to the cyclic OAPOO chain being more thermally stable than the open OAPOO chain, 6,7,13,14 which means that an introduction of doubly stranded units into the backbone may enhance their thermal stability. 8 -12 Char yields of IIP/DDS series epoxy resins were higher than that of DGEBA/DDS under air.…”

Section: Tga Analysismentioning

confidence: 95%

Synthesis and properties of phosphorus-containing epoxy resins by novel method

Wang

Lin

1999

J. Polym. Sci. A Polym. Chem.

170

102

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Section: Tga Analysismentioning

confidence: 95%

Synthesis and properties of phosphorus-containing epoxy resins by novel method

Wang

Lin

1999

J. Polym. Sci. A Polym. Chem.

170

102

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“…[13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21] Flameretardant epoxy resins can be obtained by chemically bonding flame-retardant groups onto epoxy resins, and the permanent attachment of a flame retardant frequently leads to high efficiency in flame retardancy. [17][18][22][23] In this study, a rigid phosphorus-containing reactive 2-(6-oxido-6-H-dibenzo[c,e][1,2] oxaphosphorin-6-yl)-1,4-benzenediol (ODOPB) is converted to a phosphorus-containing epoxy resin, 6-H-dibenz[c,e][1,2] oxaphosphorin-6-[2,5-bis-(oxiranylmethoxy)phenyl]-6-oxide (DOPO epoxy resin), which is expected to exhibit the required flame retardancy, less fumes, and higher thermal stability than the conventional flame-retardant epoxy resin systems containing tetrabromobisphenol A (TBBA).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phosphorus-containing epoxy resin for an electronic application

Wang

Shieh

1999

J. Appl. Polym. Sci.

123

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A phosphorus-containing epoxy resin, 6-H-dibenz [c,e][1,2] oxaphosphorin-6-[2,5-bis(oxiranylmethoxy)phenyl]-6-oxide (DOPO epoxy resin), was synthesized and cured with phenolic novolac (Ph Nov), 4,4Ј-diaminodiphenylsulfone (DDS), or dicyandiamide (DICY). The reactivity of these three curing agents toward DOPO epoxy resin was found in the order of DICY Ͼ DDS Ͼ Ph Nov. Thermal stability and the weight loss behavior of the cured polymers were studied by TGA. The phosphorus-containing epoxy resin showed lower weight loss temperature and higher char yield than that of bisphenol-A based epoxy resin. The high char yields and limiting oxygen index (LOI) values as well as excellent UL-94 vertical burn test results of DOPO epoxy resin indicated the flame-retardant effectiveness of phosphorus-containing epoxy resins. The DOPO epoxy resin was investigated as a reactive flame-retardant additive in an electronic encapsulation application. Owing to the rigid structure of DOPO and the pendant P group, the resulting phosphorus-containing encapsulant exhibited better flame retardancy, higher glass transition temperature, and thermal stability than the regular encapsulant containing a brominated epoxy resin. High LOI value and UL-94 V-0 rating could be achieved with a phosphorus content of as low as 1.03% (comparable to bromine content of 7.24%) in the cured epoxy, and no fume and toxic gas emission were observed.

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“…A secondary phosphorus-rich residue which forms a protective layer on the polymer. [16][17][18][19] Therefore the flammaamine was used at a later stage in the reaction to react with unreacted {P{Cl groups to convert bility is reduced by the formation of a char by the phosphorus-containing materials. 20 The higher them to {P{N linkages.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%