Flammability properties of polymers and polymer composites combined with ionic liquids

Shamsuri, Ahmad Adlie; Zuhri, M.Y.M.; Abdan, Khalina; Jamil, Siti Nurul Ain Md.

doi:10.1515/epoly-2023-0060

Cited by 10 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 59 publications

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“…Imidazolium-based ionic liquids may be more cost-effective or accessible for certain scientific studies or industrial applications, further promoting their frequent use. Imidazolium-based ionic liquids have also been extensively studied and characterized over the years [40]. Researchers are often more familiar with their properties, making them readily available for use in experiments and applications.…”

Section: Addition Of Various Ionic Liquids Into Polymer Hybrid Compos...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Methods and Mechanical Properties of Polymer Hybrid Composites and Hybrid Polymer Composites: Influence of Ionic Liquid Addition

Shamsuri,

Md. Jamil,

Yusoff

et al. 2023

Applied Mechanics

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Polymer hybrid composites and hybrid polymer composites are distinct but interconnected composite classes, each with unique compositions and design philosophies. The mechanical properties of these composites are vital in advanced materials due to their impacts on performance, durability, and suitability for various applications. The addition of ionic liquids into these composites is a promising innovation in advanced materials. In this short review, various polymer matrices (e.g., thermosets, thermoplastics, and biopolymers), fillers (e.g., inorganic, carbon, organic, and metal), and ionic liquids (e.g., imidazolium- and phosphonium-based) used to fabricate polymer hybrid composites and hybrid polymer composites with added ionic liquids are identified. Furthermore, the addition of ionic liquids into these composites through different methods (e.g., magnetic stirring, mechanical stirring, solid grinding, etc.) is discussed. The influence of ionic liquid addition on the mechanical properties, specifically the tensile properties of these composites, is also shortly reviewed. The changes in the tensile properties, such as the tensile strength, tensile modulus, and elongation at break, of these composites are explained as well. The information presented in this review enhances the understanding of the methods applied to add ionic liquids into polymer hybrid composites and hybrid polymer composites, along with their tensile properties. In short, some ionic liquids have the capacity to enhance the tensile properties of hybrid polymer composites, and several ionic liquids can reduce the tensile properties of polymer hybrid composites.

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Section: Addition Of Various Ionic Liquids Into Polymer Hybrid Compos...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Methods and Mechanical Properties of Polymer Hybrid Composites and Hybrid Polymer Composites: Influence of Ionic Liquid Addition

Shamsuri,

Md. Jamil,

Yusoff

et al. 2023

Applied Mechanics

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“…Synthetic polymers are generally more flammable compared to natural polymers; for example, polyolefins have heating values comparable to petroleum [1]. Modulating the flammability properties of polymers and polymeric compounds is a relevant objective in materials science because they are directly related to the safety of people and the environment [2,3].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Green Flame-Retardant Blend Used to Improve the Antiflame Properties of Polypropylene

Cabello-Alvarado,

Andrade-Guel,

Pérez-Alvarez

et al. 2024

Polymers

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The flammability properties of polymers and polymeric composites play an important role in ensuring the safety of humans and the environment; moreover, flame-retardant materials ensure a greater number of applications. In the present study, we report the obtaining of polypropylene (PP) composites contain a mixture of two green flame retardants, lignin and clinoptilolite, by melt extrusion. These additives are abundantly found in nature. Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), mechanical properties, scanning electron microscopy–energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM-EDS), cone calorimetry, UL-94, and carbonized residues analysis were carried out. TGA analysis shows that PPGFR-10 and PPGFR-20 compounds presented better thermal stability with respect to PP without flame retardants. The conical calorimetric evaluation of the composites showed that PPGFR-10 and PPGFR-20 presented decreases in peak heat release rates (HRRs) of 9.75% and 11.88%, respectively. The flammability of the composites was evaluated with the UL-94 standard, and only the PPGFR-20 composite presented the V-0 and 5VB classification, which indicates good flame-retardant properties. Additives in the polymer matrix showed good dispersion with few agglomerates. The PPGFR-20 composite showed an FRI value of 1.15, higher percentage of carbonized residues, and UL-94 V-0 and 5VB rating, suggesting some kind of synergy between lignin and clinoptilolite, but only at high flame-retardant concentrations.

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A new interactive design method for carbon fibres laminate component

Landi

2024

Int J Interact Des Manuf

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Carbon fibre is the most common reinforcing phase in composite materials. However, it is difficult to determine the performance parameters of a monofilament. This paper provides an efficient method for performing the global layup optimization of composite laminates, considering the relationship between material characteristics and process parameters. In particular, a new method is proposed that, by integrating commercial tools, can support designers in the design and construction of carbon fibre components. The approach involves four functional groups that interact with each other: requirements and specifications, material definition, process implementation, and design and simulation. The idea is to create a continuous process to realize continuous product optimization. The approach was applied to the optimization of the front wing of a Formula 4 vehicle. After the validation method phase, through a comparison between real data and numerical simulations, product optimization was conducted. Different optimized solutions were obtained, and the solution minimizing the mass but ‘allowing the vehicle to bear stress and strain values within the required limits was chosen. This methodology can be applied to support the designer during both the early design phase and the optimization phase of laminated products.

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Flammability properties of polymers and polymer composites combined with ionic liquids

Cited by 10 publications

References 59 publications

Methods and Mechanical Properties of Polymer Hybrid Composites and Hybrid Polymer Composites: Influence of Ionic Liquid Addition

Methods and Mechanical Properties of Polymer Hybrid Composites and Hybrid Polymer Composites: Influence of Ionic Liquid Addition

Green Flame-Retardant Blend Used to Improve the Antiflame Properties of Polypropylene

A new interactive design method for carbon fibres laminate component

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