Flammulina velutipes mycorrhizae dietary fiber improves lipid metabolism disorders in obese mice through activating AMPK signaling pathway mediated by gut microbiota

Ganoderic acids-rich ethanol extract from Ganoderma lucidum protects against alcoholic liver injury and modulates intestinal microbiota in mice with excessive alcohol intake

“…Ruminiclostridium _9, [Eubacterium]_ xylanophilum _group and Ruminococcaceae _UCG-009 belong to Ruminococcaceae were reported to be the SCFAs producing bacteria, which are helpful to improve the host health by reducing the pH value and inhibiting the growth of intestinal harmful bacteria ( Huang, Li, Lee and Chen, 2021a ).As one of the most common members of intestinal bacteria, Prevotellaceae UCG-001 can produce a variety of enzymes to degrade cellulose and xylan. A previous report also showed that intestinal Prevotellaceae UCG-001 could stimulate the AMPK signaling pathway to ameliorate gut health and lipid metabolism ( Wang et al, 2021a ; Song et al, 2019 ). The abundance of Oscillibacter had been reported to be negatively associated with obesity, fatty liver, inflammation and insulin resistance ( Thingholm et al, 2019 ).…”

“…Ketoisocaproic acid has been reported to be strongly associated with the blood glucose level, which may be mainly due to the increase in ketoisocaproic acid that can enhance the secretion of insulin ( Schulze et al, 2017 ). Formylanthranilic acid participates in tryptophan metabolism through kynurenine pathway, and plays an important role in maintaining the homeostasis of intestinal mucosa and brain nitrogen ( Wang et al, 2021a ; Zang et al, 2020 ). Eicosapentaenoic acid is an omega-3 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acid, which can effectively regulate the body's oxidative stress level and inhibit the NF-κB signaling pathway ( Nikoloff et al, 2021 ).…”

Effect of Mushroom Root Fermentation Broth on the Umami Taste and Nutrients of <em>Flammulina velutipes</em>

“…Byproducts of F. velutipes production industry, including mycorrhizae, aged stipe, residues, spent mushroom substrate, were proven to contain plentiful nutrients such as polysaccharides and proteins [31]. These byproducts were used to prepare mushroom substrate [32], edible film [33,34], various polysaccharides which possess gut microbiota improving and antioxidant activities [35,36]. Waste water from synthesis of biodiesel and biogas digester liquid were utilized for edible mushrooms cultivation [37,38].…”

Insoluble Dietary Fiber from Okara Combined with Intermittent Fasting Treatment Synergistically Confers Antiobesity Effects by Regulating Gut Microbiota and Its Metabolites

“…Obesity and its metabolic complications have rapidly developed into a massive global burden and a serious public health issue. It is generally recognized that the gut microbiota performs a vital part in the onset and development of obesity, particularly with regard to alterations in its composition and metabolites during the development of obesity. , Numerous reports have indicated that DF can suppress obesity and its associated disorders by modifying the gut microbiota and its metabolites. − Emerging evidence indicates that IDF may also be used through gut bacteria fermentation, which is beneficial to ameliorating host health . Currently, no comprehensive investigations have been conducted to investigate the impacts of HPSIDF on obesity, as well as the potential mechanisms.…”