Flash flood flow experiment in a simplified urban district

Testa, Guido; Zuccalà, D.; Alcrudo, Francisco; Mulet, J.; Frazao, Sandra Soares

doi:10.1080/00221686.2007.9521831

Cited by 134 publications

(115 citation statements)

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“…In the last few decades, many aspects of urban flooding have been investigated through experimental studies [17,18], and few of these investigations have focused on how to properly represent buildings within inundation models [19,20].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Simulating the Influence of Buildings on Flood Inundation in Urban Areas

et al. 2018

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Two-dimensional hydraulic modeling is fundamental to simulate flood events in urban area. Key factors to reach optimal results are detailed information about domain geometry and utility of hydrodynamic models to integrate the full or simplified Saint Venant equations in complex geometry. However, in some cases, detailed topographic datasets that represent the domain geometry are not available, so approximations-such as diffusive wave equation-is introduced whilst representing urban area with an adjusted roughness coefficient. In the present paper, different methods to represent buildings and approximation of the Saint Venant equations are tested by performing experiments on a scale physical model of urban district in laboratory. Simplified methods are tested for simulation of a real flood event which occurred in 2013 in the city of Olbia, Italy. Results show that accuracy of simulating flow depth with a detailed geometry is comparable to the one achieved with an adjusted roughness coefficient.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Simulating the Influence of Buildings on Flood Inundation in Urban Areas

et al. 2018

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“…Therefore, in the areas of mild terrain, and particularly in built-up areas, a 1366 G. Tsakiris: Flood risk assessment more comprehensive modelling approach should be adopted, e.g. 2-D and possibly 3-D models (Abderrezzak et al, 2008;Mignot et al, 2006;Ravagnani et al, 2009;Testa et al, 2007).…”

Section: Flood Modelling In Urban Areas With Mild Terrainmentioning

confidence: 99%

Flood risk assessment: concepts, modelling, applications

Tsakiris

2014

Nat. Hazards Earth Syst. Sci.

153

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Abstract. Natural hazards have caused severe consequences to the natural, modified and human systems in the past. These consequences seem to increase with time due to both the higher intensity of the natural phenomena and the higher value of elements at risk. Among the water-related hazards, flood hazards have the most destructive impacts. The paper presents a new systemic paradigm for the assessment of flood hazard and flood risk in the riverine flood-prone areas. Special emphasis is given to the urban areas with mild terrain and complicated topography, in which 2-D fully dynamic flood modelling is proposed. Further, the EU flood directive is critically reviewed and examples of its implementation are presented. Some critical points in the flood directive implementation are also highlighted.

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“…Testa et al (2007) carried out several experiments in a simplified urban district built in a laboratory in Centro Elettrotechnico Sperimentale Italiano (CESI) facilities in Milan, Italy. Their experimental setup was composed of 1=100 scaled model of the Toce River Valley.…”

Section: Comparison With Existing Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Frazao and Zech (2007) Physical dam break flow models studying flood propagation in two dimensions over varying topography and land use are quite rare in the literature. Testa et al (2007) carried out laboratory dam break flows in a simplified urban district. Their experimental setup involved a 50-m-long concrete model of a river with high topographical detail fitted with water depth gauges at certain locations.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Distorted Physical Model to Study Sudden Partial Dam Break Flows in an Urban Area

et al. 2014

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A distorted physical model, based on Ürkmez Dam in Izmir, Turkey, was built to study sudden partial dam break flows. The distorted model had a horizontal scale of 1=150 and a vertical scale of 1=30, containing dam reservoir, dam body, and downstream area-from dam body to Ürkmez urban area until the sea coast. In the model, the reservoir is approximately 12 m 3 , the dam body has a width of 2.84 m and a height of 1.07 m, and the downstream area is nearly 200 m 2 . The Ürkmez Dam was chosen because Ürkmez Town is located right at its downstream area, allowing the study of dam break flows in an urban area. Furthermore, the dimensions were suitable such that it allowed the construction of a physical model (dam reservoir, dam body, and downstream area) having a horizontal scale of 1=150 in the available space of 300 m 2 . The features creating roughness such as buildings, bridge, and roads were also reflected in the physical model. The dam break flow was investigated for sudden partial collapse, which was simulated by a trapezoidal breach on the dam body. The water depths at downstream area were measured at eight different locations by using eþ WATER L (level) sensors. The velocities were measured at four different locations by ultrasonic velocity profiler (UVP) transducers. The propagation of the flood was recorded by a high-defnition camera. The experimental results show that the Ürkmez area can be flooded in a matter of minutes, at depths reaching up to 3 m in residential areas in 4 min. The flood wave front can reach the residential areas in 2 min and to the sea coast in 4 min. Flow velocities can reach 70.9 km=h in sparse residential areas, close to dam body. Away from the dam body in the sparse buildings part of the town, the velocities can reach 27.7 km=h. In dense residential areas of the town, the velocities are too low (2.8 km=h) but flow depths can reach 3 m. Velocity profiles show similar behavior like unsteady and nonuniform open channel flow in nonresidential areas close to the dam body. In residential areas away from the dam body, the velocity profiles are more uniform, having lower velocity values. Vertical variations of velocities show markedly different behavior during rising and recession stages. The profiles are smooth during the rising stage in sparse residential area, yet it shows fluctuating behavior during the recession stage.

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Flash flood flow experiment in a simplified urban district

Cited by 134 publications

References 0 publications

Simulating the Influence of Buildings on Flood Inundation in Urban Areas

Simulating the Influence of Buildings on Flood Inundation in Urban Areas

Flood risk assessment: concepts, modelling, applications

Distorted Physical Model to Study Sudden Partial Dam Break Flows in an Urban Area

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