Flash Flood Hazards

Lóczy, Dénes; Czigány, Szabolcs; Pirkhoffer, Ervin

doi:10.5772/28775

Cited by 20 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…2010) would be the hot spot of the country not just from hydrological aspect, but from the aspect of erosion as well. Moreover, the southern part of the TH was found to be extremely vulnerable to flash flood hazard (Pirkhoffer, E. et al 2009;Lóczy, D. et al 2012), which is in line with our results as flash floods are the direct consequences of intense rainfalls.…”

Section: Risky and Neutral Areas Of Changes In Intense Rainfallssupporting

confidence: 91%

Spatial analysis of changes and anomalies of intense rainfalls in Hungary

et al. 2019

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Extreme precipitation events can trigger flash flood, mass movements, pluvial flood and accelerated soil erosion. As soil structures are highly degraded due to intensive improper cultivation water infiltration can considerably decrease during the vegetation period. Additional changes in canopy coverage on the soil surface cause relevant variability in infiltration and hence vulnerability against runoff related disasters. Most researchers agree that the frequency of extreme precipitations increases, however, in the Carpathian Basin the uncertainties are quite high. This study aims to compare daily maximum mean precipitation amounts (MMPA) predicted by the Goda-method for June and August as the most probable months of extremities. We used the CarpatClim database as input and predicted MMPAs for two periods, 1960-1985 and 1986-2010. The Goda-method uses monthly data and calculates daily results on given probability. A general increase was found between the first and second half of the period regarding daily maximum precipitation amount in both investigated months. For August the 1-day precipitation amount increased from 56.1 mm to 61.8 mm, whereas 6-days amount from 93.8 mm to 103.2 mm at 1 per cent probability (r = 0.53; p < 0.001). Beyond this change, relevant spatial differences were found. Comparing the macro regions plains had lower increase compared to the mountains, whereas the highest increase was in the Transdanubian Hills (TH). The most endangered location is the southern part of the Transdanubian Hills where parallel with the intensive increase in MMPA both in June and August the environmental conditions such as loose parent material and the high percentage of crop fields also emphasize the potential hazard.

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Section: Risky and Neutral Areas Of Changes In Intense Rainfallssupporting

confidence: 91%

Spatial analysis of changes and anomalies of intense rainfalls in Hungary

et al. 2019

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“…et al 2006;Czigány, Sz. et al 2010;Lóczy, D. et al 2012). Flash floods are disastrous rapid run-off events, which can be generated in any season by the joint effect of numerous local environmental factors and primarily affect small mountainous or hilly catchments of agricultural utilization, where they cause damage comparable to that of large river floods.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Soil moisture retention on slopes under different agricultural land uses in hilly regions of Southern Transdanubia

et al. 2020

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Increasingly severe weather extremes are predicted as one of the consequences of climate change. According to climatic models, weather extremities induce higher risks for both flood and drought in the Carpathian Basin. Throughout the 19th and 20th centuries, flood control relied on cost-intensive engineering structures, but recently ecological solutions have come to the fore. Flood hazard on major rivers could be mitigated if multiple and cumulative water retention opportunities are exploited on the upper sections of tributary catchments. Appropriate land use and landscape pattern changes can shift the infiltration to run-off ratio to the benefit of the former. In the Transdanubian Hills of Southwest Hungary three study areas with different agricultural land use types had been selected and investigated for the impact of landscape micro-features on soil moisture retention capacity with the purpose of conserving water from wet periods for the times of drought. Marked differences in moisture dynamics have been detected between arable land, grasslands and orchards. This fact underlines the need for integrated soil and water conservation. Drought risk was found to be the highest on ploughland. Favourable soil water budgets have been observed in the fields as a function of land use: less intensive types, like grazing land and orchards (particularly tree rows), were identified as places of high water retention capacity. Although serious water stress conditions were also reached in the orchard, it markedly mitigated drought conditions compared to the ploughland.

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“…hours (e.g. Gutiérrez et al, 1998;Malmon et al, 2007;Ortega and Heydt, 2009;Lóczy et al, 2012). The lack of evidence of soil formation (mottles, root trace, gleyzation) following the deposition of the laminated siltstone/claystone above the coarser sediments indicates that there was no intermittent subaerial exposure; i.e.…”

Section: Accepted M Manuscriptmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Flash floods may occur during -high amounts of rainfall, combined with very efficient and rapid runoff on relatively small catchments‖ (Lóczy et al, 2012; 28). Other authors also emphasize the role of heavy rainfall inducing flash flow (e.g.…”

Section: The Channel Fill and Sheet Splay Depositsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Facies architecture and palaeoenvironmental implications of the upper Cretaceous (Santonian) Csehbánya formation at the Iharkút vertebrate locality (Bakony Mountains, Northwestern Hungary)

Botfalvai

Haas

Bodor

et al. 2016

Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology

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The Csehbánya Formation (Santonian), exposed in the Iharkút open-pit, BakonyMountains, Hungary, is made up of a cyclic alternation of conglomerate, sandstone, and variegated siltstone and clay deposited in a fluviolacustrine environment. As a result of continuous excavation since 2002 it has yielded rich and diverse continental vertebrate and plant assemblages. A facies and architectural analysis of the Csehbánya Formation at this location identified four main lithofacies associations with eight subtypes consisting of (1) lenticular sandstones representing river channels, (2) conglomerates with sandstone (coarse grained likewise representing channel deposits), (3) heterolithic-channel fill (high density flash flow deposits) (4) splay sandstones produced by crevasse splays, (5) dark sandy siltstone (small-scale stagnant pool deposits with high organic content), (6) greenish-grey claystone (deposits of shallow lakes and ponds), (7) reddish (moderately drained) paleosols, (7) yellowish, mottled (hydromorphic) paleosols.The sedimentological investigations revealed that the terrestrial deposits exposed by the Iharkút open-pit were formed in an anastomosing fluvial system because: (i) the alluvial architecture is characterized by large proportion of overbank deposits encasing the channel sandstone bodies, (ii) the ribbon shaped sandstone bodies are dominant, (iii) cross-bedding and lateral accretion are almost completely absent in the channel fill deposits and (iv) the sandstone bodies are clearly isolated from each other, embedded in floodplain sediments, suggesting multiple co-existing channels.The most important vertebrate fossil site (SZ-6) was examined in special detail because it shows peculiar lithological features. The layers richest in fossils (Unit 1) of site is interpreted as a lag deposit formed during an episodic high density flash flood event representing a relatively short time interval, i.e., probably within a single rainy season. A C C E P T E D M A N U S C R I P T ACCEPTED MANUSCRIPT 1 1. INTRODUCTIONA significant part of continental vertebrate fossils is found in alluvial deposits thus the reconstruction of the depositional history of alluvial sequences is the main goal of any sedimentological, paleontological and taphonomical examination of vertebrate sites (Behrensmeyer, 1982(Behrensmeyer, , 1988Retallack, 1984; Badgley, 1986a,b;Eberth and Miall, 1991;Nadon, 1993;Therrien, 2005;Roberts, 2007). One of the reasons for the accumulation of rich vertebrate fossil-bearing strata is that a relatively high number of animals are attracted to the floodplain due to abundant water and food supply (different plants or prey), which can result in a rich accumulation of bones (Behrensmeyer, 1988;Nadon, 1993;Andersson and Kaakinen, 2004). Furthermore, certain floodplain environments are favourable for bone preservation because of the relatively high depositional rate, post-mortem transportation, and reworking of animal remains by various fluvial processes (Behrensmeyer, 1988;Aslan and Behrensmeyer, 1996)....

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Flash Flood Hazards

Cited by 20 publications

References 35 publications

Spatial analysis of changes and anomalies of intense rainfalls in Hungary

Spatial analysis of changes and anomalies of intense rainfalls in Hungary

Soil moisture retention on slopes under different agricultural land uses in hilly regions of Southern Transdanubia

Facies architecture and palaeoenvironmental implications of the upper Cretaceous (Santonian) Csehbánya formation at the Iharkút vertebrate locality (Bakony Mountains, Northwestern Hungary)

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