Flashover and the Effects of Compartment Scale

Graham, Tony Lee; Makhviladze, G. M.; Roberts, J.P.

doi:10.2190/vx5g-a2jt-408u-3hxa

Cited by 4 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 7 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…The mass loss rate during decay phase is then assumed to compensate for the mass loss rate during growth phase. So, for a fixed volume of fuel put inside a pan of diameter D, the mass loss rate of fuelṁ is calculated using the expression given by Equation (8). Terms and represent the density and the pool area of fuel, respectively:…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…By applying the conservation law of energy inside the compartment, works have been done in the past by authors. These works were mainly focused on some fire highlighting topics such as contribution of ventilation factor in building fire; research on the minimum heat release rate necessary to initialize the flashover; estimation of the energy lost through borders; and the contribution of the nature of walls material in fire [3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12]. All these studies, carried out theoretically, experimentally, or numerically by authors, intended to understand more mechanisms governing compartments fires and causing particular phenomena among which is the flashover phenomenon.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Building Fire: Experimental and Numerical Studies on Behaviour of Flows at Opening

Mvogo

Mouangue

Zaida

et al. 2019

Journal of Combustion

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Compartment fire is conducted by complex phenomena which have been the topics of many studies. During fire incident in a building, damage to occupants is not often due to the direct exposition to flames but to hot and toxic gases resulting from combustion between combustibles and surrounding air. Heat is therefore taken far from the source by combustion products which could involve a rapid spread of fire in the entire building. With the intention of studying the impact of the opening size on the behaviour of fire, experimental and computational studies have been undertaken in a reduced scale room including a single open door. Owing to Froude modelling, the obtained results have been transposed into full scale results. In accordance with experiments, numerical studies enabled the investigation of the influence of the ventilation factor on velocities of incoming air and outgoing burned gases and on areas of the surfaces crossed by these fluids during full-developed fire. Comparison of the deduced mass flow rates with the literature reveals an approval agreement.

show abstract

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Building Fire: Experimental and Numerical Studies on Behaviour of Flows at Opening

Mvogo

Mouangue

Zaida

et al. 2019

Journal of Combustion

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Due to their low density, these combustion products are carried away by the plume and accumulate in the upper compartment part, forming thus a cloud of hot gases. When temperature of that cloud of hot gases reaches some critical values, unpredictable and dangerous phenomena such as flashover or backdraft can occur [26][27][28][29][30]. e increase in temperature of these hot gases depends on the difference between heat generated by the fire source and heat lost through walls and openings.…”

Section: Performing Of Fire Testsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigative Study on Convective Heat Transfer inside Compartment during Fire Situation

Mvogo

Samedi

Changement

et al. 2022

Journal of Combustion

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

According to the geometry of compartments, quantities of smokes released during fire tend to accumulate at ceiling so as to form a cloud of hot gases. Heat transfer between these hot gases and walls is decisive for the development of fire. An increase in temperature of these gases could lead to dangerous phenomena such as flashovers and backdrafts. Owing to experiments and numerical simulation, the objective of the present paper is to investigate on the influence of natural ventilation on convective heat transfer between hot gases and walls of a room in fire. So, varying the ventilation level, it was firstly about to carry out fire tests in an experimental room. Secondly, study was focused on the numerical simulation of these tests so as to estimate velocity field of burnt gases near walls during fire. Validation of numerical results has been done by confronting simulated results to experimental results. A full-scale extrapolation of results enabled revealing that while the ventilation level in the room changes, the amplitude of convective heat transfer changes according to the regime of fire. It was shown that for the fuel-controlled fire, the convective heat transfer coefficient strongly increases with the ventilation factor, and for the ventilation-controlled fire, convective heat transfer coefficient weakly decreases with the ventilation factor and remains nevertheless close to value 8.75 W ⋅ m − 2 ⋅ K − 1 .

show abstract

“…So we can hold that temperature in flashover fire caused by backdraft could not be accurately described as existing temperature curves, such as ISO 834 curve, ASTM-E119 curve, external fire curve, and hydrocarbon curve [1][2][3]. Now many good studies on flashover fire experiments have be conducted, but most of these experiments were proceeded in enclosure with fixed openings, which mainly focused on the criterion for flashover, mechanism of flashover, and models for flashover hazard calculations [4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18]. Meanwhile, some researches on backdraft have also been carried out and lots of useful achievements have been made.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Methods for Prediction of Temperature Distribution in Flashover Caused by Backdraft Fire

Zhang

Zhu

Yuan³

et al. 2014

Mathematical Problems in Engineering

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Accurately predicting temperature distribution in flashover fire is a key issue for evacuation and fire-fighting. Now many good flashover fire experiments have be conducted, but most of these experiments are proceeded in enclosure with fixed openings; researches on fire development and temperature distribution in flashover caused by backdraft fire did not receive enough attention. In order to study flashover phenomenon caused by backdraft fire, a full-scale fire experiment was conducted in one abandoned office building. Process of fire development and temperature distribution in room and corridor were separately recorded during the experiment. The experiment shows that fire development in enclosure is closely affected by the room ventilation. Unlike existing temperature curves which have only one temperature peak, temperature in flashover caused by backdraft may have more than one peak value and that there is a linear relationship between maximum peak temperature and distance away from fire compartment. Based on BFD curve and experimental data, mathematical models are proposed to predict temperature curve in flashover fire caused by backdraft at last. These conclusions and experiment data obtained in this paper could provide valuable reference to fire simulation, hazard assessment, and fire protection design.

show abstract

Flashover and the Effects of Compartment Scale

Cited by 4 publications

References 7 publications

Building Fire: Experimental and Numerical Studies on Behaviour of Flows at Opening

Building Fire: Experimental and Numerical Studies on Behaviour of Flows at Opening

Investigative Study on Convective Heat Transfer inside Compartment during Fire Situation

Methods for Prediction of Temperature Distribution in Flashover Caused by Backdraft Fire

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About