2023
DOI: 10.1007/s00264-023-05837-3
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Flatfoot over the centuries: the background of current conservative and operative treatments

Carlo Biz,
Mariachiara Cerchiaro,
Fabiana Mori
et al.

Abstract: Purpose Although flatfoot is a widespread human condition, historical medical texts and ancient illustrations on this deformity are extremely rare. Nowadays, doubts regarding its management remain unsolved. This historical review aims to identify the presence of pes planus since the prehistoric era and examine the treatments proposed over the centuries up to the present. Method For this propose, we performed an extensive electronic search of the relevant … Show more

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Cited by 7 publications
(4 citation statements)
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“…Regarding the distribution of the diagnoses (Figure 8) that led to the indication of arthrodesis, almost half of the subjects had clubfoot (52). The second most common diagnosis was pes planovalgus (29), followed by pes cavus (23), pes calcaneus (6), skewfoot (6) and hallux valgus (1).…”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 99%
See 1 more Smart Citation
“…Regarding the distribution of the diagnoses (Figure 8) that led to the indication of arthrodesis, almost half of the subjects had clubfoot (52). The second most common diagnosis was pes planovalgus (29), followed by pes cavus (23), pes calcaneus (6), skewfoot (6) and hallux valgus (1).…”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Many foot deformities affect children and adolescents, such as clubfoot, pes planovalgus, pes cavus, pes equinus, pes calcaneus and hallux valgus [1]. The incidence of clubfoot in Central Europe, for example, is 1-2/1000 [2]; symptomatic pes plano-valgus in juveniles is reported to have an incidence of 0.1/1000 [3], and juvenile hallux valgus has an incidence of 2-4% [4].…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Thus, many authors refer to flatfeet as "normal anatomic variants" [3], as long as no disability or pain is present. Furthermore, variance in the assessment of the MLA during a static or a dynamic position has been shown to change the result significantly, with muscle activity during gait resulting in an increased chance of finding a normal MLA [4].…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Considering the complex structural basis of the MLA and flatfoot condition 33 , this study aims to evaluate hominid navicular morphology and to assess its anatomical correlates with the MLA (Fig. 1).…”
mentioning
confidence: 99%