2004
DOI: 10.1139/z03-219
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Flatworm asexual multiplication implicates stem cells and regeneration

Abstract: The phenomenon of asexual multiplication is rare in the animal kingdom, but it occurs in all main flatworm taxa. In the present paper, we review data regarding the presence of different forms of asexual multiplication in flatworms and argue that the presence of a population of totipotent or pluripotent stem cells, "neoblasts", is a primitive feature of decisive importance for the developing potential of flatworms. Next we present information on the role of stem cells in fission, head regeneration, and pharynx … Show more

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Cited by 66 publications
(65 citation statements)
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“…[11] and Mehlhorn et al [13] described filamentous solid cell columns protruding from the germinal layer of the metacestode into adjacent host tissue and assumed that detachment of cells from these structures and their subsequent distribution via the circulation (lymphogenous and/or hematogenous) may play a role in formation of 'metastasis'. A hallmark of flatworms is the regenerative capacity which has been attributed to a population of totipotent stem cells called germinal cells in case of obligatory parasitic groups like E. multilocularis and these cells are regarded to be the only cell type that is mitotically active and, in E. multilocularis, germinal cells are thought to contribute crucially to metacestode growth via fusion with the tegument as well as to metastasis during chronic infection [11,[13][14][15]. Furthermore, evidence has been obtained that post-oncospherical development and differentiation to the metacestode stage in cestodes originates from mitotically active germinal cells that are present in the oncosphere [15].…”
Section: Routes Of Spreadmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…[11] and Mehlhorn et al [13] described filamentous solid cell columns protruding from the germinal layer of the metacestode into adjacent host tissue and assumed that detachment of cells from these structures and their subsequent distribution via the circulation (lymphogenous and/or hematogenous) may play a role in formation of 'metastasis'. A hallmark of flatworms is the regenerative capacity which has been attributed to a population of totipotent stem cells called germinal cells in case of obligatory parasitic groups like E. multilocularis and these cells are regarded to be the only cell type that is mitotically active and, in E. multilocularis, germinal cells are thought to contribute crucially to metacestode growth via fusion with the tegument as well as to metastasis during chronic infection [11,[13][14][15]. Furthermore, evidence has been obtained that post-oncospherical development and differentiation to the metacestode stage in cestodes originates from mitotically active germinal cells that are present in the oncosphere [15].…”
Section: Routes Of Spreadmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Most studies on flat worms are aimed at regeneration (Reddien and Alvarado, 2004;Cebrià and Newmark, 2005;Bely and Sikes, 2010), senescence (Martinez and Levinton, 1992;Mouton et al, 2009) and stem cells subjects (Reuter and Kreshchenko, 2004). Most turbellarians have neoblasts (Newmark and Alvarado, 2000) which allow them to be good models for this type of research.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Platyhelminthes are, with few exceptions, hermaphroditic (Hyman 1951 ). However, asexual reproduction by fi ssion occurs in some catenulids and macrostomids, and it is quite common among triclads (Hyman 1951 ;Reuter and Kreshchenko 2004 ). As expected, regenerative abilities are less pronounced in taxa containing species with sexual reproduction than in taxa that reproduce asexually, as regeneration is absolutely required for survival of the mother animal during asexual reproduction .…”
Section: Regenerative Capabilitiesmentioning
confidence: 86%
“…Some species, such as Microstomum lineare , combine sexual and asexual modes of reproduction. In these fl atworms, a good regenerative capacity is seen during the asexual stage of their life cycle, but this capacity is reduced with the appearance of sexuality (Reuter and Kreshchenko 2004 ).…”
Section: Regenerative Capabilitiesmentioning
confidence: 99%
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