Flavobacterium parvum sp. nov., isolated from soil polluted by sewer water

Abstract

A novel Gram-stain-negative, motile by means of gliding, and short rod-shaped bacterium, designated HS916T, was isolated from soil polluted by sewer water in Cheonan-si, South Korea. Growth occurred at 10-35°C (optimum 30°C), pH 6.0-8.0 (optimum pH 7.0), and 0-1% sodium chloride (NaCl, w/v). Based on similarities of 16S rRNA gene sequences, strain HS916 was closely related to members of the genus Flavobacterium, exhibiting the highest sequence similarities with Flavobacterium glycines Gm-149 (96.4%), followed by F. granuli Kw05 (96.3%), F. fluminis 3R17 (96.3%), F. aquicola TMd3a3 (96.2%), and F. nitratireducens N1 (96.2%). Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences indicated that strain HS916T was placed in a monophyletic cluster with F. nitratireducens N1 and F. fluminis 3R17. The predominant fatty acids (> 5% of the total) of strain HS916 were iso-C, anteiso-C, iso-C 3-OH, Cω6с, C 3-OH, iso-C 3-OH, and summed feature 3 (Cω7с and/or Cω6с). The major polar lipids of the strain comprised phosphatidylethanolamine, unidentified aminolipids, and five unidentified lipids. The predominant respiratory quinone and the major polyamine were menaquinone-6 (MK-6) and symhomospermidine, respectively. The DNA G + C content of strain HS916 was 34.9 mol%. Based on polyphasic analyses, strain HS916 represents a novel species belonging to the genus Flavobacterium, for which the name Flavobacterium parvum sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is HS916T (= KACC 19448 = JCM 32368).