Flavonoid Containing Polyphenol Consumption and Recovery from Exercise-Induced Muscle Damage: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Carey, Conor C.; Lucey, Alice; Doyle, Lorna

doi:10.1007/s40279-021-01440-x

Cited by 28 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 96 publications

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“…With regard to ergogenic effects, recent meta-analyses suggest that diverse polyphenol rich foods and extracts might accelerate the recovery of muscle function and strength [97,98], improve post-exercise oxidative and inflammatory status [99], and improve aspects of sporting performance [99,100]. However, a larger meta-analysis concluded that, when considering polyphenols as a whole, they have a significant but 'trivial' effect on endurance exercise performance, with these effects restricted to males in their analysis [101].…”

Section: Polyphenols and Caffeinementioning

confidence: 99%

Mental Performance and Sport: Caffeine and Co-consumed Bioactive Ingredients

Kennedy

Wightman

2022

Sports Med

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The plant defence compound caffeine is widely consumed as a performance enhancer in a sporting context, with potential benefits expected in both physiological and psychological terms. However, although caffeine modestly but consistently improves alertness and fatigue, its effects on mental performance are largely restricted to improved attention or concentration. It has no consistent effect within other cognitive domains that are important to sporting performance, including working memory, executive function and long-term memory. Although caffeine’s central nervous system effects are often attributed to blockade of the receptors for the inhibitory neuromodulator adenosine, it also inhibits a number of enzymes involved both in neurotransmission and in cellular homeostasis and signal propagation. Furthermore, it modulates the pharmacokinetics of other endogenous and exogenous bioactive molecules, in part via interactions with shared cytochrome P450 enzymes. Caffeine therefore enjoys interactive relationships with a wide range of bioactive medicinal and dietary compounds, potentially broadening, increasing, decreasing, or modulating the time course of their functional effects, or vice versa. This narrative review explores the mechanisms of action and efficacy of caffeine and the potential for combinations of caffeine and other dietary compounds to exert psychological effects in excess of those expected following caffeine alone. The review focusses on, and indeed restricted its untargeted search to, the most commonly consumed sources of caffeine: products derived from caffeine-synthesising plants that give us tea (Camellia sinensis), coffee (Coffea genus), cocoa (Theabroma cacao) and guaraná (Paullinia cupana), plus multi-component energy drinks and shots. This literature suggests relevant benefits to mental performance that exceed those associated with caffeine for multi-ingredient energy drinks/shots and several low-caffeine extracts, including high-flavanol cocoa and guarana. However, there is a general lack of research conducted in such a way as to disentangle the relative contributions of the component parts of these products.

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Section: Polyphenols and Caffeinementioning

confidence: 99%

Mental Performance and Sport: Caffeine and Co-consumed Bioactive Ingredients

Kennedy

Wightman

2022

Sports Med

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“…They observed that the maximal benefits for accelerating recovery of muscle function while reducing muscle soreness after consuming polyphenol-rich foods, juices and concentrates occurred at 48 and 72 h post-exercise [ 20 ]. Moreover, Carey et al [ 3 ] demonstrated the ability of polyphenols to enhance recovery of skeletal muscle strength and soreness four days post-EIMD, but specifically with polyphenol treatments that contain flavonoids.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Team sports are characterized by intermittent bouts of high-intensity exercise such as jumping, sprinting and tackling that require implementation of complex sport-specific skills and cognitive tasks over a prolonged period [ 1 , 2 ]. These types of sports (such as soccer, rugby and volleyball) performance depend on both aerobic and anaerobic capacity, requiring a high volume of energy turnover and eccentric high-intensity exercise muscle actions resulting in exercise-induced muscle damage (EIMD) and therefore decreasing physical performance [ 1 , 2 , 3 ]. On the other hand, oxidative stress is an imbalance between prooxidant (free radicals) production and the body’s antioxidant defense system [ 4 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Different systematic reviews and meta-analyses have examined the effects of fruit supplements on indices of muscle damage and physical performance measures following different EIMD protocols [ 3 , 19 , 20 ]. After consuming polyphenol-rich foods, juices and concentrates, 24, 48 and 72 h post-EIMD are the most commonly studied times for comparing muscle damage, inflammatory and oxidative stress markers between a placebo group and a supplementation group [ 19 , 20 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For MVIC, CMJ and DOMS, maximal benefits of polyphenols supplementation for accelerating recovery seem to occur at 48- and 72-h post-exercise [ 20 ]. However, Carey et al [ 3 ] demonstrated the ability of polyphenols to enhance recovery of skeletal muscle strength and soreness four days post-EIMD, but specifically with polyphenol treatments that contain flavonoids.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effects of Polyphenol Consumption on Recovery in Team Sport Athletes of Both Sexes: A Systematic Review

et al. 2022

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Previous studies have shown that polyphenol consumption enhances recovery of the muscle after exercise-induced muscle damage (EIMD). However, EIMD markers have not been studied by sport type. The main aim of this research was to perform a systematic review to determine the efficacy of polyphenolic consumption in increasing muscle recovery for performing team sport skills. Eligible studies included, following PICOS structure, presented at least one of the following outcomes: maximal isometric voluntary contraction (MVIC); countermovement jump (CMJ); delayed onset muscle soreness (DOMS); 20 m sprint test; creatine kinase (CK); and C-reactive protein (hsCRP). A structured search was carried out following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. The risk of bias was assessed using the PEDro scale tool. The review showed a possibly positive impact of polyphenol consumption on recovery after EIMD in team sports athletes. No differences were found between sexes. Considering the limitations, there is moderate to very low certainty of polyphenol supplementation effects on recovery of team sport females and males. A dose of 60 mL/day, divided into two times per day, ingested for >7 days may present positive effects on muscle function and muscle soreness in team sport athletes. However, further investigation is required, specifically in females.

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