Flavonoid profiles of immature and mature fruit tissues of Citrus grandis Osbeck (Dangyuja) and overall contribution to the antioxidant effect

Abstract

Citrus fruits are a valuable functional food and their peel is used in East Asian folk medicine. In this study, the polar components of the fruit tissues of Citrus grandis Osbeck were analyzed using high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry and compared with reported data. Among the 13 characterized compounds, eight flavonoids and one coumarin were identified for the first time in fruit tissues. The total amount of the identified components was the largest for the immature fruit peel, followed by mature fruit peel, mature fruit flesh, and immature fruit flesh. Naringin (2) and neohesperidin (3) were particularly rich in all samples. The antioxidant activity of the flavonoids extracted from fruit tissues increased in a dose-dependent manner. The activity of the fruit peels was significantly higher than that of the fruit flesh. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

Widely targeted metabolomic profiling combined with transcriptome analysis sheds light on flavonoid biosynthesis in sweet orange 'Newhall' (C. sinensis) under magnesium stress

“…In this study, a widely targeted metabolomic approach combined with transcriptome data was used to explore flavonoid accumulation and its underlying molecular regulation in SOPs under magnesium stress. Although previous studies had explored the flavonoid pathway in citrus, the number of flavonoid components identified remained limited (Yu et al, 2015;Wang et al, 2019;Yu et al, 2022). In our study, we identified 740 flavonoid components in SOPs, representing a significant supplement to the previous work.…”

Extractive Atmospheric Pressure Photoionization (EAPPI) Mass Spectrometry: Rapid Analysis of Chemicals in Complex Matrices

“…The peak at m/z = 465.14 ( Fig. 3b) was assigned as hesperetin 7-O-glucoside based on previously reported flavonoid profiles for Citrus grandis [32]. This is the first time that hesperetin 7-O-glucoside has been detected as a major constituent in grapefruit peel.…”

Phytochemical and Therapeutic Potential of Citrus grandis (L.) Osbeck: A Review

“…The most abundant flavonones are naringin, naringenin, neoeriocitrin and neohesperidine. 31 , 64 , 66 – 69 The presence of common flavonoids like: hesperidin, neohesperidin, naringenin, naringin and rutin are determined at high amount in Citrus grandis juice. 44 , 70 In an extraction condition for 1 and 3 hours at 50°C, the total yield of total flavonoid content from the peels of Citrus grandis extracted by aqueous methanol extract (80:20 v/v, methanol: water) were 149.05mg/L and 158.09mg/L.…”

“…40,44,51 Limonoids from Citrus grandis seeds, particularly limonin and nomilin reported chemo preventive bioactivities, specifically free radical-scavenging. 31,129 and glutathione S-transferaseinducing activity. Methanolic extract of Citrus grandis administered by intraperitoneal route demonstrated to increase the longevity of non-viable tumor cell and their count count and decrease the volume of tumor.…”