Phytochemical studies of the aerial parts of Bidens cernua L. led to the isolation of six flavonoids: luteolin (1), flavanomarein (2), tilianin (3), maritimetin (4), cynaroside (5) and cosmosiin (6). The quantitative analysis of flavonoids exhibited 0.81% contents of flavonoids in flowers and 1.62% in the herb counted as a hyperoside equivalent. Total Tannins Content showed the occurrence of 7.87% in flowers and 5.83% in the herb. The chemical composition of the essential oil obtained from the herb of B. cernua was evaluated in 92.2%, which corresponds to 99 compounds. Antimicrobial activity of the essential oil was evaluated on Gram-positive, Gram-negative bacteria and fungi. The oil exhibited a strong antibacterial and antifungal activity, especially against Gram-positive bacterial strains. This is the first time the aforementioned compound (3) has been isolated from B. cernua.
Keywords: Bidens cernua;Asteraceae; phytochemical analysis; flavonoids; essential oil; antimicrobial activity. © 2017 ACG Publications. All rights reserved.
Plant Source
Previous StudiesPrevious phytochemical reports on B. cernua have revealed the presence of secondary plant metabolites such as polyacetylenes, sesquiterpenes, essential oil and flavonoids [1][2][3][4][5]. In continuation of our interest in the phytochemistry of plants from genus Bidens growing in Poland we decided to carry out a phytochemical studies on the herb and flowers of B. cernua of Polish origin.
Present StudyTo isolate the flavonoid compounds, the diethyl ether, ethyl acetate and butanolic extracts were subjected to subsequent column chromatography on polyamide as stationary phase with eluting solvent systems of increasing polarity. As a result of series isolation procedures and purification on Sephadex LH-20, compounds 1-6 were obtained. The known isolates were confirmed as luteolin (1) [6], flavanomarein (isookanin 7-O-β-D-glucopyranoside) (2) [7], maritimetin (4) [8], cynaroside (luteolin 7-O-β-D-glucopyranoside) (5) [6] and cosmosiin (apigenin 7-O-β-D-glucopyranoside) (6) [8] by the comparison of reported spectral and physical data. To the best of authors knowledge, this is the first report on the isolation of tilianin (acacetin 7-O-β-D-glucopyranoside) (3) from B. cernua.