Flavonoids as chemosystematic markers in the tribe Cichorieae of the Asteraceae

Sareedenchai, Vipaporn; Zidorn, Christian

doi:10.1016/j.bse.2009.09.006

Cited by 56 publications

(37 citation statements)

References 74 publications

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“…Both flavonols and flavones are chemosystematic markers found in tribe Cichorieae of the Asteraceae family [27]. Total flavonol amounts of studied radicchio varieties were found in the range of 1.7 to 20 mg/100 g FW ( Table 4).…”

Section: Phenolic Profilesmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…Flavones and flavonols are easier to identify than anthocyanins because they are more stable [21]. Several polyphenols, such as derivatives of hydroxycinnamic acids (HCA), flavonoids, and anthocyanins [4,6,[22][23][24][25][26][27], previously determined in radicchio leaves are presented in Table 1 Lipids are derived from long-chain fatty acids and alcohols or closely related derivatives. They are water-insoluble components of cells that can be extracted by nonpolar solvents.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Impact of Organic Fertilizers on Phenolic Profiles and Fatty Acids Composition: A Case Study for Cichorium intybus L.

Sinkovič¹,

Žnidarčić²

2016

Organic Fertilizers - From Basic Concepts to Applied Outcomes

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Radicchio (Cichorium intybus L.) is an increasingly appreciated leafy vegetable that exhibits great diversity in appearance, including different colored leaves, rosettes, or heads. Varieties of radicchio ('Treviso', 'Verona' 'Anivip', 'Castelfranco', and 'Monivip') commonly produced in Slovenia were investigated for their phenolic and fatty acid profiles. Plants were grown under organic and/or mineral fertilizer managements in greenhouse conditions. High-performance liquid chromatography analysis was used to study phenolic compounds in radicchio leaf samples. Thirty-three phenolic compounds were quantitatively evaluated. Significant differences were found between varieties and across different fertilizer managements. The total phenolic amount (TPA) was found in a wide range from 58 to 403 mg/100 g fresh weight (FW). Between varieties, the highest TPA was observed for var. 'Treviso' (300 mg/100 g FW) and the lowest TPA was observed for var. 'Castelfranco' (125 mg/100 g FW). The main phenolic compounds in radicchio leaves were represented by phenolic acids, chlorogenic acid and cichoric acid, respectively. The fatty acid levels of radicchio leaf samples were determined by the chromatographic analysis of fatty acid methyl esters using gas chromatography with flame ionization detector. The analysis revealed the amounts of C16:0, C18:0, C18:1n9, C18:2n6, C18:3n3, and C20:0 fatty acids. The total fatty acid levels varied from 170 to 500 mg/100 g FW. The highest fatty acid quantity was represented by C18:3n3 (≤63%) followed by C18:2n6 (≤45%) and C16:0 (≤24%). All radicchio samples had a ratio of n-6/n-3 essential fatty acids below 1 and thus in accordance with the current dietary guidelines. Among different fertilizer managements, the highest total fatty acid levels were found for organic fertilizer (384 mg/100 g FW).

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Section: Phenolic Profilesmentioning

confidence: 97%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of Organic Fertilizers on Phenolic Profiles and Fatty Acids Composition: A Case Study for Cichorium intybus L.

Sinkovič¹,

Žnidarčić²

2016

Organic Fertilizers - From Basic Concepts to Applied Outcomes

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“…Brás et al [8] reported the presence of quercetin and rutin in the leaves of Eupatorium littorale (Asteraceae). Twelve biologically active flavonoids, mainly flavonol and flavone derivatives, including two glycosides were detected in the glandular trichomes of Chromolaena species [25], while a total of 135 different compounds were reported from the Cichorieae (Lactuceae) tribe of the Asteraceae [44]. In C. cornigera and C. endivia, the high and variable active compound concentrations are related to the arid climate conditions, such as, hot temperature, high solar exposure, drought and salinity which stimulate the biosynthesis of secondary metabolites as polyphenols [13].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diversity of active constituents inCichorium endiviaandCynara cornigeraextracts

Hegazy¹,

Ezzat²,

Qasem³

et al. 2015

Acta Biologica Hungarica

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The present study attempts to explore the phytochemical constituents of different extracts from Cynara cornigera and Cichorium endivia plant materials. The two species studied are native in Egypt. Five different solvents, viz., aqueous, methylene chloride, petroleum ether, ethyl acetate, and n-butanol were used. Phytochemical analysis revealed the presence of phenols, flavonoids, sterols (stigmasterol and betasitosterol), terpenes (α-amyrin, ursolic and oleanolic acid), and hydrocarbons (n-alkane), the latter found in low amount. The ethyl acetate and water extracts of C. cornigera root showed lower mass fractions of phenolic compounds ranged from 20 to 81 g/100 g, and higher amounts in ethyl acetate extract of the inflorescences and butanol extract of the root where values ranged from 195 to 399 g/100 g. The β-sitosterol and stigmasterol were present in all plant extracts. Oleanolic and ursolic acids were detected in roots, leaves and inflorescences of C. cornigera and in C. endivia shoot. The ethyl acetate extracts from C. cornigera leaf and inflorescence attained higher chemical diversity than the other extracts. Alternatively, sterols and triterpenes were the major constituents. The high chemical diversity of active constituents justifies the future potential use of the two species at commercial level.

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“…Moreover, Scorzonera species are a rich source of dietary polyphenols such as fl avonoids and phenolic acids including caffeoylquinic acid derivatives Zhu et al, 2009;Jehle 2010;Akkol et al, 2011;Sari, 2012;Wang et al, 2012;Yang et al, 2013;Milella et al, 2014). This genus has attracted the attention of researchers due to the many chemical classes of its secondary metabolites, including dihydroisocoumarins, stilbenes, lignans, phenolic derivatives, phtalides (Sari et al, 2007), coumarins, kavalactones (Jiang et al, 2007), sesquiterpenes (Zidorn, 2008), triterpenes , and fl avonoids (Sareedenchai and Zidorn, 2010). Scorzonera undulata is perennial with a thick blackish stump and can be eaten in the spring, the leaves, are in clumps, with a narrow, very long limb that is wavy at the edge, glaucous, with very short woolly hairs.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of extraction solvents on the biomolecules and antioxidant properties of Scorzonera undulata (Asteraceae): Application of factorial design optimization phenolic extraction

Athmouni

Belghith

Bellassouad

et al. 2015

Acta Sci Pol Technol Aliment

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Background. Phenolic compounds were extracted and isolated from S. undulata roots. Methods. Sample of roots from E. hirta was tested for phenolic compounds, and in vitro antioxidant activity by diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) assay, ABTS, FRAP and reducing power was measured using cyanoferrate method. Results. The methanolic fraction exhibited the highest total phenol content (6.12 ±0.11 mg AGE/g DW). On the other hand, the highest fl avonoids concentration was observed in ethyl acetate fraction (2.90 ±0.05 mg CE/g DW) in addition to anthocyanins (28.56 ±3.96 mg/l). Besides, the highest level of tannins content was measured in the polar aprotic solvent ethyl acetate extract (3.25 ±0.06 mg CE/g DW). The different extracts of S. undulata were evaluated for their radical scavenging activities by means of the DPPH assay. The strongest scavenging activity was observed in methanolic fraction scavenged radicals effectively with IC 50 values of 0.14 ±0.02 mg/ml. Similarly, the potassium ferricyanide reduction (FRAP) and ABTS•+ of methanol extract. On the other hand, the total reducing power of ethyl acetate extract was found higher than of other extracts. This paper presents the application of the design-of experiment method for optimizing the extraction of phenolic content using methanol solvent. The resulting regression model has shown that the effect of temperature is not statistically signifi cant (with >95% certainty), while that of agitation speed is. The two main effects are contributed by the solvent concentration and the maceration period. Conclusion. Our results clearly showed that the extraction of phenolic compounds and their antioxidant capacity is signifi cantly affected by solvent combinations. S. undulata presented the highest total phenolic content, total fl avonoids content and antioxidant capacity values. The resulting regression model has shown that the effect of temperature is not statistically signifi cant (with >95% certainty), while that of agitation speed is.

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Flavonoids as chemosystematic markers in the tribe Cichorieae of the Asteraceae

Cited by 56 publications

References 74 publications

Impact of Organic Fertilizers on Phenolic Profiles and Fatty Acids Composition: A Case Study for Cichorium intybus L.

Impact of Organic Fertilizers on Phenolic Profiles and Fatty Acids Composition: A Case Study for Cichorium intybus L.

Diversity of active constituents inCichorium endiviaandCynara cornigeraextracts

Effect of extraction solvents on the biomolecules and antioxidant properties of Scorzonera undulata (Asteraceae): Application of factorial design optimization phenolic extraction

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