Flavonoids as Natural Pigments

Giusti, M. Mónica; Miyagusuku‐Cruzado, Gonzalo; Wallace, Taylor C.

doi:10.1002/9781119811749.ch17

Cited by 7 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 88 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…In addition to the A and B phenyl rings, flavonoids may also harbor an oxygen-containing heterocyclic C-ring. Flavonoids are a remarkably diverse class of compounds, with more than 10,000 flavonoids identified to date (Giusti et al, 2023). Flavonoids found in the human diet can be categorized into six classes based on the oxidation level of the three-carbon bond and differences in their B-ring linkage sites.…”

Section: Flavonoidsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The neuromodulatory effects of flavonoids and gut Microbiota through the gut-brain axis

Wang,

Zhao,

Liu

et al. 2023

Front. Cell. Infect. Microbiol.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Recent investigations show that dietary consumption of flavonoids could potentially confer neuroprotective effects through a variety of direct and indirect mechanisms. Numerous flavonoids have been shown to cross the BBB and accumulate within the central nervous system (CNS). Some of these compounds purportedly counteract the accumulation and deleterious effects of reactive oxygen species, fostering neuronal survival and proliferation by inhibiting neuroinflammatory and oxidative stress responses. Moreover, several studies suggest that gut microbiota may participate in regulating brain function and host behavior through the production and modulation of bioactive metabolites. Flavonoids may shape gut microbiota composition by acting as carbon substrates to promote the growth of beneficial bacteria that produce these neuroprotective metabolites, consequently antagonizing or suppressing potential pathogens. By influencing the microbiota-gut-brain axis through this selection process, flavonoids may indirectly improve brain health. This review examines the current state of research into the relationship between bioactive flavonoids, gut microbiota, and the gut-brain axis.

show abstract

Section: Flavonoidsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The neuromodulatory effects of flavonoids and gut Microbiota through the gut-brain axis

Wang,

Zhao,

Liu

et al. 2023

Front. Cell. Infect. Microbiol.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…These compounds are synthesized in the cytosol and transported into the vacuole, where they can function as bioactive molecules (Rausher 2006; Zhao 2015; Davies et al ., 2020). Flavonoids are important to plants for the production of colours, especially flowers and fruits, in the context of pollination and seed dispersal (Giusti et al ., 2023); pollen, spore and seed germination; and seedling development (Wang et al ., 2020). Flavonoids protect plants from different abiotic and biotic stresses, including by acting as UV filters for young growth and playing roles in frost hardiness and drought resistance (Samanta et al ., 2011; Ferreyra et al ., 2021).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genome-wide analysis of flavonoid biosynthetic genes in Musaceae (Ensete,Musella, andMusaspecies) reveals amplification of flavonoid 3’,5’-hydroxylase

Cui,

Xiong,

et al. 2024

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Flavonoids in Musaceae are involved in pigmentation and stress responses, including pathogen defense and UV protection, and are a component of the healthy human diet. Identification and analysis of the sequence and copy number of flavonoid biosynthetic genes are valuable for understanding the nature and diversity of flavonoid evolution in Musaceae species. In this study, we identified 71 to 80 flavonoid biosynthetic genes in chromosome-scale genome sequence assemblies of Musaceae, including those of Ensete glaucum, Musella lasiocarpa, Musa beccarii, M. acuminata, M. balbisiana, and M. schizocarpa, checking annotations with BLAST and determining the presence of conserved domains. The number of genes increased through segmental duplication and tandem duplication. Orthologues of both structural and regulatory genes in the flavonoid biosynthetic pathway are highly conserved across Musaceae. The flavonoid 3',5'-hydroxylase gene F3'5'Hs was amplified in Musaceae and ginger compared with grasses (rice, Brachypodium, Avena longiglumis, and sorghum). One group of genes from this gene family amplified near the centromere of chromosome 2 in the x = 11 Musaceae species. Flavonoid biosynthetic genes displayed few consistent responses in the yellow and red bracts of Musella lasiocarpa when subjected to low temperatures. The expression levels of MlDFR2/3 increased while MlLAR was reduced by half. These results establish the range of diversity in both sequence and copy number of flavonoid biosynthetic genes during evolution of Musaceae. The combination of allelic variants of genes, changes in their copy numbers, and variation in transcription factors with the modulation of expression under cold treatments and between bract-colours suggests the variation may be exploited in plant breeding programmes, particularly for improvement of stress-resistance in the banana crop.

show abstract

Design and Evaluation of pH-Sensitive Pectin Films Infused with Anthocyanin-Rich Extracts from Australian Native Fruits for Intelligent Food Packaging Applications

Nastasi,

Hay,

Fitzgerald

et al. 2024

Food Biophysics

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

This study investigates the incorporation of anthocyanin-rich extracts from Mountain Pepper Berry (MPB) and Queen Garnet Plum (QGP) into pectin-based films to develop pH-sensitive indicators. Using glycerol as an extraction solvent, significant differences in anthocyanin composition were identified: MPB extracts contained a diverse range of anthocyanin species, with a total content of 267.13 ± 5.21 mg L⁻¹, compared to the predominantly cyanidin-based QGP extracts, with 222.14 ± 1.61 mg L⁻¹. Differences in anthocyanin structures were elucidated using UPLC-Q-ToF-MS/MS analysis. FTIR and UV-Vis spectroscopy were used to assess the compatibility of the extracts with pectin and the homogeneity of anthocyanins within the film structure. Mechanical testing revealed that MPB films exhibited superior tensile strength (8.53 ± 0.51 MPa), stiffness (2274 ± 158.64 gmm− 1), and energy to failure (141.7 ± 16.23 J m− 3) compared to QGP films, which had lower tensile strength (7.74 ± 0.32 MPa), stiffness (1947 ± 125.82 gmm− 1), and energy to failure (115 ± 18.81 J m− 3). Both film types displayed similar moisture content (MPB: 48.89%, QGP: 48.13%) and water vapour permeability, indicating comparable barrier properties. When exposed to volatile ammonia, QGP films showed a more pronounced colour change, attributed to their anthocyanin profile, with a notable shift from red to brown. This research highlights the potential of glycerol-extracted anthocyanins from Australian native fruits as functional additives in pectin films, offering promising applications for intelligent packaging with enhanced mechanical performance and responsive colour-changing properties. Graphical Abstract

show abstract

Flavonoids as Natural Pigments

Cited by 7 publications

References 88 publications

The neuromodulatory effects of flavonoids and gut Microbiota through the gut-brain axis

The neuromodulatory effects of flavonoids and gut Microbiota through the gut-brain axis

Genome-wide analysis of flavonoid biosynthetic genes in Musaceae (Ensete,Musella, andMusaspecies) reveals amplification of flavonoid 3’,5’-hydroxylase

Design and Evaluation of pH-Sensitive Pectin Films Infused with Anthocyanin-Rich Extracts from Australian Native Fruits for Intelligent Food Packaging Applications

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About