Flavonoids from duckweeds: potential applications in the human diet

Pagliuso, Débora; Jara, Carmen Eusebia Palacios; Grandis, Adriana; Lam, Eric; Ferreira, Marcelo J. P.; Buckeridge, Marcos Silveira

doi:10.1039/d0ra06741e

Cited by 31 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 64 publications

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“…In the experiments investigating the phenol metabolomics of the Mankai plant, we observed around 200 polyphenols and phenolic metabolites. Previous studies suggested that the Wolffia globosa plant has high phenolic and antioxidant content [19], with a high concentration of the flavonoid class polyphenols Luteolin and Apigenin derivatives [37]. Quercetin, apigenin, rutin, and luteolin (all flavonoids) were detected in most of our laboratory experiments, as well as daphnetin (classified as other polyphenols) and caffeic acid (phenolic acid).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 51%

The Metabolomic-Gut-Clinical Axis of Mankai Plant-Derived Dietary Polyphenols

et al. 2021

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Background: Polyphenols are secondary metabolites produced by plants to defend themselves from environmental stressors. We explored the effect of Wolffia globosa ‘Mankai’, a novel cultivated strain of a polyphenol-rich aquatic plant, on the metabolomic-gut clinical axis in vitro, in-vivo and in a clinical trial. Methods: We used mass-spectrometry-based metabolomics methods from three laboratories to detect Mankai phenolic metabolites and examined predicted functional pathways in a Mankai artificial-gut bioreactor. Plasma and urine polyphenols were assessed among the 294 DIRECT-PLUS 18-month trial participants, comparing the effect of a polyphenol-rich green-Mediterranean diet (+1240 mg/polyphenols/day, provided by Mankai, green tea and walnuts) to a walnuts-enriched (+440 mg/polyphenols/day) Mediterranean diet and a healthy controlled diet. Results: Approximately 200 different phenolic compounds were specifically detected in the Mankai plant. The Mankai-supplemented bioreactor artificial gut displayed a significantly higher relative-abundance of 16S-rRNA bacterial gene sequences encoding for enzymes involved in phenolic compound degradation. In humans, several Mankai-related plasma and urine polyphenols were differentially elevated in the green Mediterranean group compared with the other groups (p < 0.05) after six and 18 months of intervention (e.g., urine hydroxy-phenyl-acetic-acid and urolithin-A; plasma Naringenin and 2,5-diOH-benzoic-acid). Specific polyphenols, such as urolithin-A and 4-ethylphenol, were directly involved with clinical weight-related changes. Conclusions: The Mankai new plant is rich in various unique potent polyphenols, potentially affecting the metabolomic-gut-clinical axis.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 51%

The Metabolomic-Gut-Clinical Axis of Mankai Plant-Derived Dietary Polyphenols

et al. 2021

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“…Wolffia species grown under optimal conditions also resulted rich in phenolic substances [58], a class of bioactive compounds that plays a crucial role in the defence against biotic and abiotic stress in plants [ [59][60][61] is also well known to be essential for human wellbeing. W. globose plants were also reported to be rich in cobalamin (vitamin B12), in a form that is bioactive and well absorbed by the human body [62].…”

Section: Human Nutritionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The World Smallest Plants (Wolffia Sp.) as Potential Species for Bioregenerative Life Support Systems in Space

Romano

Aronne

2021

Plants

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To colonise other planets, self-sufficiency of space missions is mandatory. To date, the most promising technology to support long-duration missions is the bioregenerative life support system (BLSS), in which plants as autotrophs play a crucial role in recycling wastes and producing food and oxygen. We reviewed the scientific literature on duckweed (Lemnaceae) and reported available information on plant biological traits, nutritional features, biomass production, and space applications, especially of the genus Wolffia. Results confirmed that the smallest existing higher plants are the best candidate for space BLSS. We discussed needs for further research before criticalities to be addressed to finalise the adoption of Wolffia species for space missions.

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“…Flavonoids and tannins show significant anti-inflammatory activity, with C-glycosylflavones corresponding to the predominant flavonoids of the extract [26]. Recent studies have highlighted the beneficial effects of C-glycosylflavonoids on human health, namely antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anticancer and anti-diabetic effects [27][28][29], to which the capacity to scavenge for reactive oxygen species contributes. In fact, the overproduction of ROS has been related to the development of chronic and degenerative diseases, specifically those affecting the gastrointestinal tract, such as bowel disease, and many other ailments, such as the diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular diseases and various types of cancer, for instance, cancer of the colon.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Formulation Effects in the Antioxidant Activity of Extract from the Leaves of Cymbopogon citratus (DC) Stapf

et al. 2021

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Cymbopogon citratus DC (Stapf.) is a perennial grass and it is distributed around the world. It is used as a condiment for food and beverage flavouring in the form of infusions and decoctions of its dried leaves. Our previous studies have shown antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and gastroprotective activities for the infusion and its phenolic fractions. The aim of the present work was to develop oral dosage forms from a Cymbopogon citratus extract to be used as a functional food with antioxidant properties. Initially, an essential oil-free infusion was prepared, lyophilized and characterized by HPLC-PDA. Total phenols were quantified with the Folin–Ciocalteu method and the antioxidant activity was assessed by DPPH assay. Gelatine capsules containing the extract with different excipients, selected after DSC and IR trials, were prepared. A formulation exhibiting better antioxidant behaviour in a gastric environment was attained. These results suggest that the proposed formulation for this extract could be a valuable antioxidant product and, consequently, make an important contribution to “preventing” and minimizing diseases related to oxidative stress conditions.

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Flavonoids from duckweeds: potential applications in the human diet

Abstract: Duckweeds are the smallest free-floating flowering aquatic plants.

Cited by 31 publications

References 64 publications

The Metabolomic-Gut-Clinical Axis of Mankai Plant-Derived Dietary Polyphenols

The Metabolomic-Gut-Clinical Axis of Mankai Plant-Derived Dietary Polyphenols

The World Smallest Plants (Wolffia Sp.) as Potential Species for Bioregenerative Life Support Systems in Space

Formulation Effects in the Antioxidant Activity of Extract from the Leaves of Cymbopogon citratus (DC) Stapf

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