Flavonoids from Some Frullania Species (Hepaticae)

Abstract

From Frullania teneriffae 5 known flavone aglycones and 6 flavone glycosides were isolated, among them the new 6-OH-luteolin-6-O-β-ᴅ-glucoside-7-O-β-ᴅ-glucoside-6′′′-(3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaroylester). F. cesatiana contains 2 flavone-di-C-glucosides and the new 6-OH-luteolin-7-O-β-ᴅ-glucoside-6′′-(3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaroylester)-3′-O-glucuronide.The phenolic pattern of F. eboracensis was compared to that of F. muscicola. The known 6-OH-luteolin-7-O-β-ᴅ-glucoside-6′′-(3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaroylester) was identified from F. gibbosa and F. arecae.

Chemical Diversity of Liverworts From Frullania Genus

“…Besides O-glucosides, flavone-C-glycosides were also found, but the most popular flavonoids are flavone methyl ethers (eg., 46, 47, 49) and hydroxy and methoxy derivatives of flavone and flavanone (Figure 5). 13,16,21,22…”

“…Such α-methylene-γ-butyrolactones cause very strong allergenic contact dermatitis. Their dihydroderivatives (13,14) are also popular components in Frullania species but do not cause allergy. 16 In the group of eudesmanolides it is also worth mentioning about rearranged spiroeudesmane-type lactones, called spirodilatanolides A-C (15-17) isolated from the European Frullania dilatata var.…”

“…The liverworts classified in genus Frullania have not only been studied using morphological evidence and molecular markers but also in terms of secondary metabolite composition. [12][13][14][15][16] The use of the secondary metabolites as aids to plant taxonomy was popularized by the publication of Swain (1963). 17 Terpenoids not only sesquiterpene lactones, 18,19 but also flavonoids 20 are of value in the taxonomic and evolutionary investigations of plants.…”